Browsing by Subject "Political economy"

Now showing 1 - 12 of 12

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A classical model of the class struggle : A game- theoretic approach
(1986) Mehrling, Perry G.
Open Access
Energy, security, and foreign policy
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2010) Özdamar, Özgür; Denemark, R. A.; Marlin-Bennett, R.
Next to national defense, energy security has become a primary issue for the survival and wellbeing of both developed and developing nations. A review of the literature shows how concerns for energy security acquired a new dimension after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, when the Western powers and a weakened Russia competed for the control of the Eurasia region and its energy resources. Research has also focused on how different countries have developed a variety of strategies for securing their energy supply. Energy security literature can be split into three general sections: neoclassical economics and public choice, bureaucratic politics and public administration, and political economy. Scholars have also explored regime theory, resource conflict, and the relationship between national energy security and foreign policy. In the case of the United States, four major challenges in foreign policy issues related to energy security can be identified: “building alliances, strengthening collective energy security, asserting its interests with energy suppliers, and addressing the rise of state control in energy.” These challenges require eight specific foreign policy responses from the U.S. government, two of which constitute the core relationship between energy security and foreign policy making: “candor and respect” for the producer countries, and foreign policies that promote the stability and security of suppliers.
Open Access
Europeanisation in the ‘Southern Periphery’: comparative research findings on the EU's impact on domestic political economies
(Routledge, 2013) Balkir, C.; Bolukbasi, H. T.; Ertugal, E.
This article presents the comparative findings of six case studies of continuity and change in Southern European political economies which make use of the Europeanisation research programme. It summarises the varied European Union (EU) level inputs, frameworks or agendas in the different policy areas that each case study focuses on. It gauges the magnitude and direction of domestic change at the level of policy and governance in each political economy. In order to show how the case studies unpack the relationship between the EU input and domestic change in public policies, the article explains how the prevalent ideas, dominant interests and structuring institutions co-determine the nature of domestic change in political economies.
Open Access
Europeanisation of employment policy in Turkey: tracing domestic change through institutions, ideas and interests
(Routledge, 2013) Bolukbasi, H. T.; Ertugal, E.
This article examines the impact of the European Union (EU) on Turkish political economy through an analysis of employment policy. Through tracing ‘institutions’, ‘ideas’ and ‘interests’ representing this policy area, it analyses the extent to which the accession process, which started with the granting of candidate status at the Helsinki Summit in December 1999, has prompted a transformation in this policy area. It draws on empirical evidence based on semi-structured interviews and other primary sources. The main finding is that domestic change occurs, however limited and variegated across sub-policy areas, through policy learning. Moreover, the policy ideas transplanted from the EU gain importance only in interaction with preferences of the coalition of dominant actors..
Open Access
Neoliberal globalization, citizenship and subject constitution in Turkey
(2012-09) Yedekçi, Ayşe
This thesis discusses the extent to which neoliberal globalization has had an impact on citizenship in general, and citizenship in Turkey in particular. Academic debates on citizenship usually revolve around the question of identity rights, overlooking political-economy dimensions that significantly influence the scope of rights enjoyed. By defining neoliberalism in a twofold way as policy framework and governmentality, the study shows both the ways through which neoliberalism has affected the practice of social rights, and how individuals are constituted as neoliberal subjects through different governmental techniques. The thesis aims to adapt the conceptual-theoretical framework by analyzing how the neoliberalization process is experienced in Turkey.
Open Access
Poverty, Dickens’s Oliver Twist, and J. R. McCulloch
(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2021-06-07) Çelikkol, Ayşe
As the precursor to the science of economics, political economy concerned some topics that also preoccupied novelists, such as poverty and wealth. Literary criticism in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries has been charting the ways in which the discourses of literature and political economy intersect, despite the Romantic disavowal of their commonalities. Aiming to contribute to this ongoing scholarly effort, this essay pinpoints an unexpected affinity between Charles Dickens’s Oliver Twist, a novel which addresses the plight of the poor under the New Poor Law of 1834, and the political economist J. R. McCulloch’s writing on that piece of legislation. Both mistrust theoretical knowledge and privilege the particular as the basis on which one must make decisions. This affinity is unexpected because Oliver Twist repudiates political economy. Recognizing McCulloch’s and Dickens’s common epistemology alerts us to the ways in which the preference for the particular over the systemic shapes Oliver Twist. The common ground between Oliver Twist and McCulloch’s writing on the New Poor Law attests to the interconnectedness of literature and political economy.
Open Access
Projections for the geopolitical economy of oil after war in Iraq
(Pergamon Press, 2006) Williams, P. A.
How are events surrounding the latest Iraq war shaping the future global political economy of oil? The saliency of Iraq's oil resources suggests a trend towards intensified great-power competition to dominate energy-rich provinces and transportation corridors. Yet, the nature of the oil trade, Iraq's insurrection, and Sino-American economic interdependence indicate barriers to unilateral attempts to control energy supplies. Based on examination of the Iraq conflict's unintended stimulus to terrorism and to China's search for foreign oil supplies, this paper assesses three possible scenarios: 'multiple energy insecurity' (great-power competition and violent non-state reaction); 'mutual energy securitisation' (inter-state collusion against non-state resource claimants); and 'multiple energy security' (great-power curtailment of geographically expansive energy consumption). It finds that the increasing problems associated with the first two alternatives are inducing decision-makers to contemplate policy options consistent with the third scenario.
Open Access
Structure, agents and discourse in managing economic crises: the case of Greece, 2009-2017
(International Relations Council of Turkey (UİK-IRCT), 2018) Tsarouhas, Dimitris
This article focuses on the discursive frames used by policy entrepreneurs in Greece as they attempted to deal with the 2009 crisis and analyses the role played by discourse in handling the crisis’ consequences. Adopting a historical institutionalist framework, I argue that ineffective policy outcomes can be attributed to a path-dependent logic enshrined in the country’s political economy structures following the transition to democracy post-1974. Moreover, the reaction of policy entrepreneurs to the crisis was reinforced by their discursive logic of action, itself embedded in the state’s institutional matrix. Procrastination, a refusal to face an uncomfortable reality and politics as usual colours the response of Greek actors to the country’s biggest crisis in recent memory.
Open Access
A study on political economy of peripheral and advanced capitalism : a simultaneous transformation with different results in the post-1980 United States, United Kingdom and Turkey
(2005) Kalkan, Kerem Ozan
This thesis focuses on the post-1980 neo-liberal transformation experienced in the United States, the United Kingdom and Turkey. These are the countries which started to implement neo-liberal policies simultaneously under Ronald Reagan, Margaret Thatcher and Turgut Özal administrations. I developed a political economy outlook on these countries in such a fashion that compares welfare state implementations to neo-liberal policies. After having analyzed four main macroeconomic indicators which are real GDP growth, inflation rates, real interest rates and real wage rates in three countries, we see that the outcomes of the transformation were sharply different in the advanced capitalist countries, namely the United States and the United Kingdom, from those of in peripheral countries like Turkey.
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The "New Class": Analysis of the concept, the hypothessis and the idea as a research tool
(1981) Pryor, Frederic L.
Open Access
Turkey's foreign policy activism: vision continuity and reality checks
(Routledge, 2014) Grigoriadis, I. N.
It is argued in this study that Turkey's ambition to play a key regional role and become a global actor is not novel. There have been at least two similar initiatives in recent history which defended Turkey's extraordinary strategic potential and aspired to put it into the heart of global politics. What has, however, been indeed novel and has lent credibility to the whole experiment is Turkey's recent economic dynamism and political reforms. While such a trend is indeed reasonable, Turkey's claims for a global strategic role and a value-based foreign policy may be already overblown. Turkey is bound to play a key regional role and may indeed become a global actor in the years to come; its capabilities, however, are not infinite, and significant risks may lurk in their overestimation. © 2014 Taylor & Francis.
Open Access
Why the rigidity? Understanding the Lebanese state’s policies towards Palestinian refugees: a social conflict theory perspective
(2024-07) Eke, Öykü
Palestinians represent one of the largest refugee populations, dispersed across the world to seek safety and protection. Lebanon diverges from other host countries in its policies applied towards the population. The notably rigid and discriminatory refugee governance policy developed and implemented by the Lebanese state is closely connected to the country’s complex socio-political dynamics. This thesis aims to uncover the key factors influencing these policies by employing a social conflict theory approach. Accordingly, this thesis argues that the policy preferences of the Lebanese state towards Palestinian refugees are deeply rooted in the material conditions of social power relations in the country. By employing process-tracing methodology, the results demonstrate that the historical struggles among the competing social forces in Lebanon significantly influence the state’s formulation of strategies and policies concerning Palestinians.