Browsing by Subject "Neurodegenerative disease"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4

Open Access
Human exposure to aerosol from indoor gas stove cooking and the resulting nervous system responses
(Wiley, 2022-01-17) Torkmahalleh, Mehdi Amouei; Naseri, Motahareh; Nurzhan, Sholpan; Gabdrashova, Raikhangul; Bekezhankyzy, Zhibek; Gimnkhan, Aidana; Malekipirbazari, Milad; Jouzizadeh, Mojtaba; Tabesh, Mahsa; Farrokhi, Hamta; Mehri-Dehnavi, Hossein; Khanbabaie, Reza; Sadeghi, Sahar; Khatir, Ali Alizadeh; Sabanov, Sergei; Buonanno, Giorgio; Hopke, Philip K.; Cassee, Flemming; Crape, Byron
Our knowledge of the effects of exposure to indoor ultrafine particles (sub-100 nm, #/cm3) on human brain activity is very limited. The effects of cooking ultrafine particles (UFP) on healthy adults were assessed using an electroencephalograph (EEGs) for brain response. Peak ultrafine particle concentrations were approximately 3 × 105 particle/cm3, and the average level was 1.64 × 105 particle/cm3. The average particle number emission rate (S) and the average number decay rate (a+k) for chicken frying in brain experiments were calculated to be 2.82 × 1012 (SD = 1.83 × 1012, R2 = 0.91, p = 0.0013) particles/min, 0.47 (SD = 0.30, R2 = 0.90, p < 0.0001) min−1, respectively. EEGs were recorded before and during cooking (14 min) and 30 min after the cooking sessions. The brain fast-wave band (beta) decreased during exposure, similar to people with neurodegenerative diseases. It subsequently increased to its pre-exposure condition for 70% of the study participants after 30 min. The brain slow-wave band to fast-wave band ratio (theta/beta ratio) increased during and after exposure, similar to observed behavior in early-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. The brain then tended to return to its normal condition within 30 min following the exposure. This study suggests that chronically exposed people to high concentrations of cooking aerosol might progress toward AD.
Open Access
The impact of frying aerosol on human brain activity
(Elsevier, 2019) Naseri, M.; Jouzizadeh, M.; Tabesh, M.; Malekipirbazari, Milad; Gabdrashova, R.; Nurzhan, S.; Farrokhi, H.; Khanbabaie, R.; Mehri-Dehnavi, H.; Bekezhankyzy, Z.; Gimnkhan, A.; Dareini, M.; Kurmangaliyeva, A.; Islam, N.; Crape, B.; Buonanno, G.; Cassee, F.; Torkmahalleh, M.
Knowledge on the impact of the exposure to indoor ultrafine particles (UFPs) on the human brain is restricted. Twelve non-atopic, non-smoking, and healthy adults (10 female and 7 male, in average 22 years old) were monitored for brain physiological responses via electroencephalographs (EEGs) during cooking. Frying ground beef meat in sunflower oil using electric stove without ventilation was conducted. UFPs, particulate matter (PM) (PM1, PM2.5, PM4, PM10), CO2, indoor temperature, RH, oil and meat temperatures were monitored continuously throughout the experiments. The UFP peak concentration was recorded to be approximately 2.0 × 105 particles/cm3. EEGs were recorded before exposure, at end of cooking when PM peak concentrations were observed, and 30 min after the end of the cooking session (post-exposure). Brain electrical activity statistically significantly changed during post-exposure compared to the before exposure, suggesting the translocation of UFPs to the brain, occurring solely in the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain. Study participants older than 25 were more susceptible to UFPs compared to those younger than 25. Also, the brain abnormality was mainly driven by male rather than female study participants. The brain slow-wave band (delta) decreased while the fast-wave band (Beta3) increased similar to the pattern found in the literature for the exposure to smoking fumes and diesel exhaust.
Open Access
Synergistic screening of peptide-based biotechnological drug candidates for neurodegenerative diseases using yeast display and phage display
(American Chemical Society, 2023-10-04) Özçelik, Cemile Elif; Beğli, Özge; Hınçer, Ahmet; Ahan, Recep Erdem; Kesici, M. S.; Oğuz, Oğuzhan; Kasırga, Talip Serkan; Özçubukçu, S.; Şeker, Urartu Özgür Şafak
Peptide therapeutics are robust and promising molecules for treating diverse disease conditions. These molecules can be developed from naturally occurring or mimicking native peptides, through rational design and peptide libraries. We developed a new platform for the rapid screening of the peptide therapeutics for disease targets. In the course of the study, we aimed to employ our platform to screen a new generation of peptide therapeutic candidates against aggregation-prone protein targets. Two peptide drug candidates were screened for protein aggregation-prone diseases, namely, Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases. Currently, there are several therapeutic applications that are only effective in masking or slowing down symptom development. Nonetheless, different approaches are being developed for inhibiting amyloid aggregation in the secondary nucleation phase, which is critical for amyloid fibril formation. Instead of targeting secondary nucleated protein structures, we tried to inhibit the aggregation of monomeric amyloid units as a novel approach for halting the disease condition. To achieve this, we combined yeast surface display and phage display library platforms. We expressed α-synuclein, amyloid β40, and amyloid β42 on the yeast surface, and we selected peptides by using phage display library. After iterative biopanning cycles optimized for yeast cells, several peptides were selected for interaction studies. All of the peptides have been used for in vitro characterization methods, which are quartz crystal microbalance-dissipation (QCM-D) measurement, atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging, dot-blotting, and ThT assay, and some of them have yielded promising results in blocking fibrillization. The rest of the peptides, although, interacted with amyloid units which made them usable as a sensor molecule candidate. Therefore, peptides selected by yeast surface display and phage display library combination are good choice for diverse disease-prone molecule inhibition, particularly those inhibiting fibrillization. Additionally, these selected peptides can be used as drugs and sensors to detect diseases quickly and halt disease progression.
Open Access
Toxicity of internalized laser generated pure silver nanoparticles to the isolated rat hippocampus cells
(SAGE, 2017-02) Kursungoz, C.; Taş, S. T.; Sargon, M. F.; Sara, Y.; Ortaç, B.
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are the most commonly used nanoparticles (NPs) in medicine, industry and cosmetics. They are generally considered as biocompatible. However, contradictory reports on their biosafety render them difficult to accept as 'safe'. In this study, we evaluated the neurotoxicity of direct AgNP treatment in rat hippocampal slices. We produced pure uncoated AgNPs by a pulsed laser ablation method. NP characterization was performed by Ultraviolet (UV) visible spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope (TEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Rat hippocampal slices were treated with AgNPs for an hour. AgNP exposure of hippocampal tissue resulted in a significant decrease in cell survival in a dose-dependent manner. Our TEM results showed that AgNPs were distributed in the extracellular matrix and were taken into the cytoplasm of the neurons. Moreover, we found that only larger AgNPs were taken into the neurons via phagocytosis. This study showed that the pure AgNPs produced by laser ablation are toxic to the neural tissue. We also found that neurons internalized only the large NPs by phagocytosis which seems to be the major mechanism in AgNP neurotoxicity.