Browsing by Subject "Natural"

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Open Access
Chitosan loses innate beneficial properties after being dissolved in acetic acid: Supported by detailed molecular modeling
(American Chemical Society, 2020-12) Bilican, İsmail; Önses, M. S.; Akyüz, L.; Altuner, E. M.; Koc-Bilican, B.; Zang, L.-S.; Mujtaba, M.; Mulerčikas, P.
Chitosan, which is obtained via deacetylation of chitin, has a variety of uses in agriculture, food, medicine, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. Industrial chitosan is in a gel form, which is produced by dissolving in acetic acids. These gels can be chitosan-only films or composite films that include other ingredients such as plant extracts or other polymers. Chitosan-based films, however, are not as natural as chitosan dissolved in weak acids, and they lack some of chitosan’s innate properties. In this study, natural chitosan films (NCFs) were obtained from the pupa shells of black soldier flies through a process that maintains the original structure. The semisynthetic film (SCF) was then produced by dissolving the same NCF in acetic acid along with glycerol and glutaraldehyde. The semisynthetic film remarkably lost the beneficial properties of the natural film. The deteriorated characteristics include hydrophobicity, crystallinity, thermal properties, as well as a loss of fibril structure and a reduction in bacterial attachment. Moreover, the Ag-deposited NCFs manifested strikingly higher surface-enhanced Raman scattering activity as compared with the semisynthetic ones. These results, including the molecular modeling data, demonstrate that dissolving chitosan in acetic acid changes its polymeric structure.
Open Access
The village imagery created in commercials and the "integrated" chickens produced by avian flu
(2006) Tuğcu, E.
Taking into account the "modern" life in which even people living in small urban centers and towns are city-dwellers and "consumers", the emphasis put by food advertisements on the cleanness, purity, and healthiness of "nature" is significant. That "nature" implies the "natural" and "healthy" consequently makes the handmade productions more valuable. The "village" is the bearer of all these attributes and this fact determines the eating habits of people. However, a major rupture may instantly invert the eating habits and the image of productions which are "good for health". In this paper, making use of advertisements, I will show how the image of industrial organization as the representative of hygienic life has replaced the image of village and nature in food advertisements and interpret the change of image of "health", due to a major influence of avian flu epidemic.
Open Access
Virtual realities and real virtualities
(2002) Telhan, Orkan
This study endeavors to explicate different conceptions of virtuality in relation to the concept of technology. Departing from the popular conceptions of virtuality discussed within the framework of digital technologies, the study aims to elaborate on the subject within different contexts where the nature of virtuality is not confined to a specific definition but expanded within all different considerations. The nature of relation between virtuality and reality is discussed under the influence of a number of complimentary conceptions introduced by G. Deleuze and H. Bergson.