Browsing by Subject "Multiple sclerosis"

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Open Access
The association of cognitive impairment with gray matter atrophy and cortical lesion load in clinically isolated syndrome
(Elsevier B.V., 2016) Diker, S.; Has, A. C.; Kurne, A.; Göçmen, R.; Oğuz, K. K.; Karabudak, R.
Background Multiple sclerosis can impair cognition from the early stages and has been shown to be associated with gray matter damage in addition to white matter pathology. Objectives To investigate the profile of cognitive impairment in clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), and the contribution of cortical inflammation, cortical and deep gray matter atrophy, and white matter lesions to cognitive decline. Methods Thirty patients with clinically isolated syndrome and twenty demographically- matched healthy controls underwent neuropsychologic assessment through the Rao Brief Repeatable Battery, and brain magnetic resonance imaging with double inversion recovery using a 3T scanner. Results Patients with clinically isolated syndrome performed significantly worse than healthy controls on tests that evaluated verbal memory, visuospatial learning and memory, and verbal fluency. Significant deep gray matter atrophy was found in the patients but cortical volume was not lower than the controls. Visual memory tests correlated with the volume of the hippocampus, cerebral white matter and deep gray matter structures and with cerebellar cortical atrophy. Cortical or white matter lesion load did not affect cognitive test results. Conclusion In our patients with CIS, it was shown that cognitive impairment was mainly related to cerebral white matter, cerebellar cortical and deep gray matter atrophy, but not with cortical inflammation, at least in the early stage of disease. © 2016 Elsevier B.V.
Open Access
Identification of protein-protein interaction bridges for multiple sclerosis
(2022-12) Yazıcı, Gözde
Identifying and prioritizing disease-related proteins is an important scientific problem to understand disease etiology. Network science has become an important discipline to prioritize such proteins. Multiple sclerosis (MS), an autoimmune disease which still cannot be cured, is characterized by a damaging process called demyelination. Demyelination is the destruction of the crucial nerve sheath, myelin, and oligodendrocytes, the cells producing myelin, by immune cells. Identifying the proteins having special features on the network formed by the proteins of oligodendrocyte and immune cells can reveal useful information about the disease. To this end, we investigated the most significant protein pairs for the intraand intercellular protein networks that we define as bridges among the proteins providing the interaction between the two cells in demyelination. We analyzed two protein networks including the oligodendrocyte and each type of two immune cells, macrophage and T-cell. We developed a model called BriFin that prioritizes contact protein pairs using network analysis techniques and integer programming. We showed several proteins it prioritized have already been associated with MS in the relevant literature. For the oligodendrocyte-macrophage network, we showed that 77% to 100% of the proteins BriFin detected, depending on the parametrization, are MS-associated. We further experimentally investigated 4 proteins prioritized by BriFin, and observed that the mRNA expression levels of 2 out of these 4 proteins significantly decreased in a group of MS patients. We therefore here present a model, BriFin, which can be used to analyze processes where interactions of two cell types play an important role.
Open Access
Impairment of vestibulo-collic reflex and linear vestibulo-ocular reflex in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis patients
(Elsevier Ireland Ltd., 2021-08) Ertuğrul, G.; Aksoy, S.; Konuşkan, B.; Eskandarian, L.; Oğuz, Kader Karlı; Anlar, B.
Objectives, This study aimed to examine the vestibulo-collic reflex (VCR) and linear vestibulo-ocular reflex (lVOR) and their correlation with brain lesions in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS). Methods, The study group consisted of 17 patients (34 ears) with POMS (mean age 18.73 ± 2.02, mean age at disease onset 14.64 ± 1.36 years), and the control group included 11 age-matched healthy subjects (22 ears). Ocular and cervical Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials (oVEMP and cVEMP) were performed to assess IVOR and VCR pathways. Magnetic Resonance Imaging was evaluated in the study group. Results, In the POMS group, 47.05 % of oVEMPs and 17.64 % of the cVEMPs were abnormal, while all VEMPs were normal in the control group. The oVEMP amplitude was associated with infratentorial lesion volume (r = −0.459, p = 0.01) and total lesion volume of the brainstem and cerebellum (r = −0.450, p = 0.01). The cVEMP asymmetry ratio was correlated with the deep white matter lesion volume (r = 0.683, p < 0.001). The MVEMP scores were found to correlate only with lesion volumes in the cerebellum (r = 0.488, p = 0.04) and infratentorial region (r = 0.573, p = 0.01). Conclusions, Ocular and cervical VEMP abnormalities confirm that lVOR and VCR pathways may be affected in early POMS. Significance, Routine use of the VEMP test, especially the oVEMP test is recommended as a useful tool in the follow-up of POMS patients.
Open Access
Metabolomics approaches in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis
(Elsevier, 2018) Battini, B.; Bund, C.; Moussallieh, F. M.; Çiçek, A. Ercüment; De Sèze, J.; Namer, I. J.
A myelin basic protein (MBP)-induced experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) involves paraplegia due to a reversible thoracolumbar spinal cord impairment. The aims of this study were thus to find significant metabolic biomarkers of inflammation and identify the site of inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS) during the acute signs in of the disease using metabolomics. All the EAE samples were associated with higher levels of lactate, ascorbate, glucose and amino acids, and decreased level of N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA) compared to the control group. A decreased NAA level has been particularly shown in lumbar spinal cord in relationship with the clinical signs.