Browsing by Subject "Mobilization"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4

Open Access
Domestic diversion: Selective targeting of minority out-groups
(Sage Publications, 2019) Klein, G. R.; Tokdemir, Efe
Domestic political use of force is a strategy for political leaders to divert the public’s attention away from economic instability and rebuild political capital. But, diversionary incentives are not the only motivation; the targeted vulnerable minority’s capabilities are important. We analyze how the combination of diversionary incentive and out-group mobilization capabilities influences leaders’ decision-calculus. Embattled leaders make strategic decisions about both the target and the adequate severity of force to accomplish diversion without risking conflict escalation. We empirically test the resulting hypotheses using the Minorities at Risk dataset from 1998 to 2003 and find support for our expectations. Incentive alone does not determine domestic political use of force; the same incentive produces variance in the severity of force dependent on the targeted out-group’s mobilization capability. Governments match the severity of domestic force to political survival goals and the costs and risks of political use of force.
Open Access
Introducing the Turkey protest, repression, and pro-government rally dataset (TPRPGRD)
(Routledge, 2022-08-28) Kahvecioğlu, Anıl; Demirel-Pegg, T.; Aytürk, İlker
The repression-protest nexus in authoritarian regimes has attracted scholarly attention of contention scholars for a long time. However, studies have generally overlooked pro-government actors’ role in contentious dynamics. This article introduces an original event dataset on protests, repression, and pro-government rallies in Turkey under the rule of the Justice and Development Party during a period in which authoritarianism has increased in intensity. Using protest event analysis, this dataset includes actions of governments, pro-government actors, and dissidents hand-coded from two newspapers between 1 January 2013, and 31 December 2016. The dataset enables researchers to study pro-government rallies (PGRs), anti-government protests, and state actions during a heightened period of contention in Turkey.
Open Access
Ottoman home front mobilization and propaganda during the Balkan wars of 1912-1913
(2016-12) Özturan, Fulya
This thesis is an analysis of the Ottoman wartime propaganda for the home front during the Balkan Wars of 1912-1913 based on the activities of the National Defense League and Ottoman/Turkish periodicals. In particular, I discuss the speeches of the Women’s Committee of the National Defense League; belles-lettres published in periodicals; and lastly, reports on the war crimes of the Balkan allies in Tanin. The Ottoman Army had many deficiencies during the wars and power politics of the Great Powers were not favoring the Ottoman Empire. Moreover, the intermittent support of Britain to the Ottoman Empire had ended, which added to its isolation. Under such conditions, the Ottomans employed propaganda on a large scale to ensure the participation of every individual in the war effort. The Ottoman propagandists employed modern propaganda techniques effectively. They manipulated established values while attempting to spread new ideas that they wanted society to assimilate. In line with this, nationalist ideas, and patriotic and religious discourse are prominent in the texts under analysis.
Open Access
Protest by the people for the government: pro-government mobilization in AKP’s Turkey, 2013-2016
(2022-09) Kahvecioğlu, Şeref Anıl
This dissertation explores the protest dynamics of government supporters under the authoritarian Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi (AKP) government in Turkey. Analyzing contentious dynamics from January 1, 2013 until December 31, 2016, this thesis examines pro-government mobilization theoretically and empirically. Based on original event data on protests, repression, and pro-government contentious events I collected from two newspapers, Cumhuriyet and Yeni Şafak, with 9083 episodes, this research dissects contentious actions of government supporters and aims to explain why and how such mobilization practice occurred in Turkey. To provide a systematic answer, I offer three elements that generate a conducive environment for pro-government contention: threat, authoritarianism, and framing. On this basis, first, I suggest threat as the main component that drives governments to adopt pro-government contention. In my case, I argue that the AKP appeals to pro-government contention when it feels politically threatened. Second, I show that the mobilizing power of the threat—and its capacity to generate pro-government contention—is dependent on the regime type. Therefore, I argue that political threats could generate pro-government contention as the AKP became gradually more authoritarian, and such contention was absent during its democratic phases. Finally, I suggest that governments build frames of pro-government contention, and not government supporters. I argue that the AKP utilizes various framing tools to create a conducive environment for mobilizing pro-government audiences and such frames are reflected in the street by government supporters.