Browsing by Subject "Informality"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2

Open Access
Sectoral informality in Turkey
(2010) Dalgıç, Yasin
This thesis evaluates the sectoral based probability of informal employment and its possible determinants. By decomposing the effects of workers’ characteristics and sectoral features on probability of informal employment, new measures of informality degrees of sectors are calculated. These new informality measures provide an easy and understandable interpretation and comparison across sectors. These new measures suggest that people who work in agriculture (includes agriculture, forestry and fishing) and construction sectors are more likely to be employed informally, while financial (financial intermediation, real estate, renting and business activities) and mining (mining and quarrying) sectors are relatively more formal in terms of employment. Additionally, among the determinants of differences in the probability of informal employment, the share of male workers and the amount of sectoral credits over GDP are found to be significant.
Open Access
The third-party function of Turkey’s Ombudsman Institution in resolving public disputes
(2022-09) Duran, Hazal
This study focuses on the third-party function of ombudsman in resolution of public disputes between the citizens and public institutions and the factors undermine and facilitate its third-party function in the Turkish case. Ombudsman institutions have been evaluated in terms of administrative, legal, and human rights functions for years. Although interest in the ombudsman's dispute resolution function has increased recently, there is a lack of empirical studies of understanding this function. This study aims to fill the void by examining the case of Turkey’s Ombudsman Institution. As one of the youngest ombudsman institutions in the world, the Ombudsman Institution of Turkey has been using the friendly-settlement method since 2017 to increase the dispute resolution capacity. This study firstly quantitatively examines the friendly-settlement method based on 1003 cases. Data shows that despite friendly settlement is associated with informal and interactive dispute resolution in general, its use in the Turkish context is heavily dominated by formal and non-interactive methods. In order to understand the reasons creating this divergence, the study uses 24 semi-structured interviews conducted with experts and senior officials of the institution. Following the analysis of interviews, the study shows that authority, flexibility, network, dispute resolution capacity, and the attitude are five major factors determining ombudsman’s third-party function in the Turkish case. The findings also displays that these factors are causing less interaction and informality in relation to bureaucratic legalism in Turkey.