Browsing by Subject "Inflation Uncertainty"

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Open Access
Do inflation targeting regimes reduce inflation uncertainty? : evidence from five industrilized and five emerging countries
(2004) Ertürk, Burak
In this thesis, using a time-varying parameter model with GARCH specification, it was investigated whether there is a structural break in expected inflation and two types of inflation uncertainties –structural and impulse uncertainty- for five industrialized and five emerging countries after the implementation of inflation targeting. Many industrialized and emerging countries attempted to stabilize their price levels with the help of a monetary discipline satisfied by the features of inflation targeting. These regimes are thought to lower the uncertainties regarding inflation dynamics. This methodology allows decomposing two types of uncertainties and it was claimed that successful implementation of inflation targeting removes these uncertainties. Two types of tests were employed to detect this claim: A simple non-parametric test which examine whether the changes in the mean and the variance of expected inflation along with two types of inflation uncertainty are statistically significant; and a parametric test whether there has been a shift in mean or a shift in the trend for expected inflation and two types of uncertainties. Both non-parametric and parametric test results indicate that the inflation targeting regimes are particularly successful in reducing expected inflation while there is less evidence that implementation of inflation targeting reduce inflation uncertainty.
Open Access
Two essays on the link between inflation uncertainty and interest rates and effect of foreign income on economic performance of a small-open economy
(2005) Kılınç, Zübeyir
This study includes two studies on the relationship between inflation uncertainty and interest rates and examines the effects of foreign income on economic performance of a small open economy. In the literature, there is no consensus about the direction of the effects of inflation uncertainty on interest rates. The second chapter of this study states that such a result may stem from differentiation in the sources of the uncertainties and analyzes the effects of different types of inflation uncertainty on a set of interest rates for the UK within interest rate rule framework. Three types of inflation uncertainties – impulse uncertainty, structural uncertainty and steady-state uncertainty – are derived by using a time-varying parameter model with a Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity specification. It is shown that the impulse uncertainty is positively and the structural uncertainty is negatively correlated with the interest rates. Moreover, these two uncertainties are important to explain shortterm interest rates for the period of inflation targeting era. However, this time, the impulse uncertainty is negatively and the structural uncertainty is positively correlated with the overnight interbank interest rates, which is consistent with the general characteristic of the inflation targeting regimes. The evidence concerning the effect of the steady state inflation uncertainty on interest rates is not conclusive. The third chapter uses the same methodology of the second chapter and calculates the effects of those three types of inflation uncertainties on interest rate spreads. It is found that both the structural and steady-state inflation uncertainties increase interest rate spreads, while the empirical evidence for the impulse uncertainty is not conclusive. Finally, the last chapter examines how the changes in a large foreign economy affect the economic performance of a small country. It finds the values of effects by calculating impulse response functions of the domestic economy and confidence intervals for those functions. Turkey is chosen as the domestic economy and Germany, the US, and the industrial countries are used as proxies for the large economy. The results state that a positive shock in the foreign economy positively affects domestic economy, increases the inflation rates, and appreciates the real exchange rate.