Browsing by Subject "Hungary"
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Item Open Access Hungary at crossroads: war, peace, and occupation politics(Bilkent University, 2019-07) Tipioğlu, IşılThis thesis traces the steps of the Hungarian foreign policy from 1918 to 1946, and analyzes the impact of revisionism after the Treaty of Trianon on Hungarian foreign policy decisions and calculations after the First World War. Placing the Hungarian revisionism at its center, this thesis shows the different situation Hungary had as a South European power as an ally of Germany throughout the Second World War and subsequently under the Soviet occupation. It also argues that it was the interlinked Hungarian foreign policy steps well before 1941, the official Hungarian participation in the war, which made Hungary a belligerent country. Also, based largely on the American archival documents, this study places Hungary into a retrospective framework of the immediate post-war era in Europe, where the strong adherence to Nazi Germany and the Hungarian revisionism shaped the future of the country.Item Open Access The impact of constitutions on democratization : cases of Hungary and Bulgaria(Bilkent University, 2002) Elbasani, AroldaThis study seeks to analyze the correlation between constitutions and democratization by comparing the cases of Hungary and Bulgaria. It suggests that the democratic credentials of constitutions are dependent to the constitution–making factors and processes, constitutional design as well as the implementation process. Both countries under study have adopted new constitutions to cope with the process of democratization. The new constitutions became a crucial asset to democratization to the extent they were indispensable in structuring the new governments and spelling out a catalogue of basic rights. They imparted the political systems with the fundamental characteristics of the democratic regimes, but lack of respect for the rule of law among the governing elites puts into question the whole project of democratization. Thus, constitutions can induce institutional incentives that smooth the process of democratization, but they by themselves can not produce a workable democracy. Democratization is a multifaceted project, which extends beyond the constitutional impact. Respect for the rule of law seems to be the missing chain and the future challenge of democratization.Item Open Access The imperfect balance: populists between economic nationalism and neoliberalism(Bilkent University, 2021-07) Kuleli, AnılThe recent surge of populism around the world has been accompanied by a rise in economic nationalism, mostly pursued by populists in government. Despite changes in the global economy, neoliberalism still remains the dominant paradigm, and therefore creates constraints on governments which follow unorthodox economic approaches. This thesis questions how populist governments pursue economic nationalism in a neoliberal world. It argues that populists seek to maintain an imperfect balance between economic nationalist and neoliberal policies, in an attempt to satisfy different audiences at the same time, including the electorate, the domestic private sector, and international markets. In order to analyze populist governments’ attempts at maintaining the imperfect balance, the thesis explores the policies of the Fidesz government in Hungary and the AKP government in Turkey, by looking at how they have been trying to reconcile economic nationalism with neoliberalism over the past decade. The ability of Fidesz to sustain a relative macroeconomic stability and continued foreign investment demonstrate the determining role played by audience constraints in the success or failure of populists’ attempts to maintain the balance.Item Open Access International regulations and environmental performance(Routledge, 2008) Yörük, B. K.; Zaim, O.This article employs the data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach to compute the environmental performance of all but two Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. It is found that although the environmental performance of countries differs over time, Poland and Hungary are the two best performers for all periods while Italy, Japan, Austria and Switzerland are ranked among the worst. The effect of international regulations and some observed characteristics of countries on environmental performance are also investigated. International regulations are reported to have a positive effect on environmental performance.Item Restricted Lukacs at 13(1988) Stern, LaurentItem Restricted Parçalanmış zamanın akışında(1987) Gürbilek, NurdanItem Restricted The politics of epistemology: Georg Lukacs and the critique of irrationalism(1986) Snedeker, George