Browsing by Subject "Human capital"

Now showing 1 - 8 of 8

Open Access
An applied endogenous growth model with human and knowledge capital accumulation for the Turkish economy
(Routledge, 2015-10-02) Voyvoda, E.; Yeldan, E.
We analytically investigate and assess the interactions between knowledge-driven growth, acquisition of human capital, and the role of strategic public policy for the Turkish economy within the context of a general equilibrium model. The model aims to investigate the public policies toward fostering the development of human capital (such as investments in education and learning) and those at enhancing total factor productivity through investments in physical capital and innovation (such as subsidies to R&D), and to study the impact of various public policies on patterns of growth, along with their likely consequences from the points of view of capital accumulation, income distribution, social welfare and economic efficiency for the Turkish economy. With the aid of the model, we seek for analytical answers to the following question: for a government constrained with its budgetary requirements, which type of public subsidiziation policies is more conducive for enhancing growth and social welfare: promotion of human capital formation through subsidies to education expenditures, or promotion of new R&D formation through subsidies to R&D investment expenditures? According to the model findings, a single-handed strategy of only subsidizing education expenditures to promote human capital formation falls short of achieving desirable growth performance in the medium to long run. Under the policy of human capital formation promotion, expected growth and welfare results are weak in the medium-to-long run unless increased human capital can upgrade the number of research personnel employed in the R&D development sector. Under these observations, it can be argued that the public policy should be directed to R&D promotion in the medium-to-long run to complement an education promotion program to sustain human capital formation.
Open Access
The characteristics of domestic firms: materializing productivity spillovers from FDI
(Routledge, 2017) Özer, S. K.; Böke, S. S.
Using detailed firm-level data from Turkey, for 1991–2001, we analyze the importance of domestic firm capabilities in allowing for productivity spillovers from foreign direct investment. The absorptive capacities we investigate are technology gap, export status, and human capital of domestic firms. The study contributes to the literature by offering an alternative measure of human capital that would be more relevant in a country where there are labor market imperfections. The results provide supporting evidence for the role played by the human capital of domestic firms, i.e., the ratio of skilled, in realizing mainly horizontal spillovers. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Open Access
FDI, productivity and financial development
(Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2009) Alfaro, L.; Ozcan, S. K.; Sayek, S.
This paper examines the effect of foreign direct investment (FDI) on growth by focusing on the complementarities between FDI inflows and financial markets. In our earlier work, we found that FDI is beneficial for growth only if the host country has well-developed financial institutions. In this paper, we investigate whether this effect operates through factor accumulation and/or improvements in total factor productivity (TFP). Factor accumulation - physical and human capital - does not seem to be the main channel through which countries benefit from FDI. Instead, we find that countries with well-developed financial markets gain significantly from FDI via TFP improvements. These results are consistent with the recent findings in the growth literature that shows the important role of TFP over factors in explaining cross-country income differences. © 2009 The Authors Journal compilation © 2009 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Open Access
Hukuki bakımdan anonim ortaklıkta çalışanların yönetime katılımı
(2022-07) Berktaş, Esra
Anonim ortaklıkta çalışanların yönetime katılımı, çalışanların doğrudan veya temsilcileri aracılığıyla, çeşitli modeller vasıtasıyla, kendilerine tanınan hakları kullanarak ortaklığın karar alma mekanizmasına etki edebilmesini ifade eder. Son yıllarda, özellikle yabancı hukuk sistemlerinde, çalışanların ortaklığın yönetimine katılması gerektiği yönünde tartışmalar çoğalmıştır. Bu düşüncenin temel sebebi, anonim ortaklıkta en öne çıkan menfaat sahibi olarak çalışanların ortaklığa, insan sermayesi ile katkı yapması ve bu doğrultuda ortaklığın yatırımcısı olarak kabul edilmesidir. Bu tez, ilk bölümünde çalışanların yönetime katılabileceği modelleri ve çalışanlara bu yönde tanınan hakları karşılaştırmalı hukukta incelemeler yapmak suretiyle ortaya koymaktadır. İkinci bölümde, çalışanların yönetime katılımının teorik temelleri ve anonim ortaklıktaki çıkar çatışmalarının çalışanların yönetime katılımı ile ilişkisi açıklanmaktadır. Üçüncü bölüm, çalışanların katılımının ortaklığın etkin yönetimindeki yerini ortaya koymaktadır. Nihayet, son bölümde Türk hukukunda çalışanların anonim ortaklığın yönetimine katılımına ilişkin tespitlere yer verilmektedir.
Restricted
İnsan
(1966) Başçıllar, Seyfettin
Open Access
Investment on human capital in a dynamic contest model
(De Gruyter, 2019) Keskin, K.; Sağlam, Hüseyin Çağrı
Although most contest games are modeled in such a way that the outcome depends only on the efforts exerted by the contestants, what is arguably more important is the contestants’ effective efforts which may be influenced also by their ability, human capital, strength, etc. In this paper, we investigate an extensive model including such an effectiveness parameter and analyze the optimal investment behavior in a dynamic conflict framework. At each period, two contestants compete for a common prize by choosing contest efforts and investment levels. Each contestant’s investment accumulates as his/her human capital which depreciates through time. Who wins the component contest at a particular period is determined by the contestants’ effective efforts, defined as increasing functions of their efforts and human capitals. Following the analysis of subgame perfect Nash equilibrium in a two-period model and of open-loop equilibrium in an infinite-horizon model, we provide intuitive comparative static results.
Open Access
Network dependent altruism and economic growth
(2016-07) Çetin, Sefane
This thesis studies reference dependent agents in a static network where the reference point is the average behaviour in one's neighbourhood. It shows that the economy grows at a constant rate on the balanced growth path while income inequality and the speed of convergence depend on the specific network structure. For particular networks, initial inequalities remain in the long-run. However, it is also possible that depending on the location of agents, a lagged agent may surpass the ones who had higher initial human capital than her and as a result, a society that has too disperse initial distribution may admit an equilibrium in which the wealth distribution converges towards equality in the long-run. In short, in an economy at which the production depends on human capital, income inequalities can be explained by taking the network structure of the economy into account.
Open Access
The resource curse and child mortality, 1961–2011
(Elsevier Ltd, 2017) Wigley, S.
There is now an extensive literature on the adverse effect of petroleum wealth on the political, economic and social well-being of a country. In this study we examine whether the so-called resource curse extends to the health of children, as measured by under-five mortality. We argue that the type of revenue available to governments in petroleum-rich countries reduces their incentive to improve child health. Whereas the type of revenue available to governments in petroleum-poor countries encourages policies designed to improve child health. In order to test that line of argument we employ a panel of 167 countries (all countries with populations above 250,000) for the years 1961–2011. We find robust evidence that petroleum-poor countries outperform petroleum-rich countries when it comes to reducing under-five mortality. This suggests that governments in oil abundant countries often fail to effectively use the resource windfall at their disposal to improve child health.