Browsing by Subject "High-birefringence"

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    Fabrication of biaxial polarization-maintaining optical fiber with ultra-low bending-dependent polarization extinction ratio deterioration
    (Academic Press, 2022-02-07) Karatutlu, Ali; Yapar Yıldırım, Elif; Midilli, Yakup; Akçimen, Samet; Ortaç, Bülend; Kendir, Esra
    Different applications, including interferometers, gyroscopes, and frequency combs, require a single polarized light transmission by maintaining this property against the environmental perturbation. As a new type of polarization-maintaining (PM) fiber, a biaxial PM fiber was fabricated over 30 dB of high polarization extinction ratio (PER) values among two orthogonal axes over a fiber length of 110 m. The PM fiber was manufactured with a combination of an elliptical core and Panda-type geometries. The PER values were demonstrated to be preserved at harsh temperature conditions from −55 °C to +85 °C. The bending loss measurements indicate the biaxial PM fiber has ultra-low bending dependent PER deterioration (<0.5 %) at various bending diameters from 12 mm to 5 mm. The biaxial PM property was also confirmed by the group beat length measurements and found to be less than 1.5 mm at 1550 nm. The optical time-domain reflectometer (OTDR) measurements show that the optical loss of the biaxial PM fiber was below 1.5 dB/km over 3 km length. The mode-field diameter (MFD) and the numerical aperture (NA) values were also reported along two polarized axes. This novel PM fiber offers a single solution for the elliptical and Panda-type PM fibers utilized for integrated fiber-based sensors and instruments.
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    ItemOpen Access
    Fabrication of polarization-maintaining optical fiber with ultra-low bending-dependent polarization extinction ratio deterioration
    (2023-02) Akçimen, Samet
    Polarization-Maintaining Optical Fiber (PM) is a unique-designed fiber that pre-serves and utilizes the polarization state of the light transmission that is launched into it. With this aspect, our biaxial PM fiber is adequate for different applications, including interferometers, fiber optic gyroscopes (FOGs), telecommunication, and all-PM fiber lasers by maintaining single polarized light transmission against the environmental perturbation. A biaxial PM fiber, which was found to possess high polarization extinction ratio (PER) values over 30 dB among two orthogonal axes, is composed of the unique geometry that is the combination of elliptical core and Panda-type PM fibers. Even under environmental temperature conditions, from -55 °C to +85 °C, the PER values were obtained to be maintained. During the bending dependent PER measurements, it was observed that the PER values at relatively small diameters from 12 mm to 5 mm were not altered compared to the biaxial PM fibers not bent. PER deterioration was determined as 0.5%. We measured the group beat lengths which were 1.40 mm for one axes and 1.45 mm for the other at 1550 nm to confirm the biaxial PM property. The optical loss of the biaxial PM fiber was measured with an optical time-domain reflectometer (OTDR) and the loss was found to be below 1.5 dB/km for over 3 km of fiber length. Along two polarized axes, the mode field diameter (MFD) and the numerical aperture (NA) values were also determined. This novel PM fiber addresses a need for the Panda and elliptical core type (PM) fibers which are essential for integrated fiber based sensors and instruments, such as fiber optic gyroscopes.