Browsing by Subject "Framing"

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Open Access
The determinants of Turkey’s official development assistance: explaining aid behavior of non-DAC donors through an alternative approach of framing and constructivism
(2020-08) Şener, Kaan
This thesis focuses on aid behavior of non-Development Assistance Committee (DAC) donors by using an alternative approach which is largely overlooked in the aid literature: constructivist IR theory. Turkey’s official development assistance (ODA) behavior in terms of its motivations between 2003 and 2019 is analyzed by using seven aid frames established by Van der Veen (2011), which are ‘security’, ‘political and diplomatic influence’, ‘economic interests’, ‘altruistic/developmental’, ‘prestige/image’, ‘obligation’, and ‘humanitarianism’. The research results overall show a hybrid character of Turkish ODA oscillating between models about aid modalities that are OECD DAC donors, and ‘South-South Development Cooperation’ providers. The results of content analysis of my primary dataset, which is the legislative/parliamentary debates on the budget and policy-action of Turkish Cooperation and Coordination Agency (TIKA), the official organization undertaking development assistance operations abroad, reveal that ‘obligation’ and ‘altruistic/developmental’ purposes are the main drivers of the Turkish ODA. While ‘influence’ (political and diplomatic) and ‘image/prestige’ considerations mark other important motives in Turkish ODA behavior, particularly for motives framing ODA in Africa region, the ‘economic interests’, ‘security’, and ‘humanitarianism’ appear surprisingly less in framing the motives of Turkish ODA. This study also compares Turkey’s official aid motives with those of Russia and China, two other non-DAC donors, specifically in the African continent. The comparison of Turkish ODA with two other major non-DAC donors in Africa demonstrates that constructivist IR theory is more plausible in understanding and explaining the aid behavior of donors, when there are too many interacting factors at play simultaneously.
Open Access
Effects of a colored wall and a colored board on performances of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
(2019-09) Öktem, Zeynep
Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) face many challenges throughout their educational lives. This study aims to find out whether there is a board and wall color combination that will help focus their attention in classroom environments. Therefore four experimental settings were prepared in which children with ADHD had to solve specially prepared tests on their most troublesome subjects. Results of one-way repeated measures ANOVAs showed that children with ADHD made significantly less errors in rooms where the board and wall colors were different than each other, in Coding and Matching tests. In the Pair Cancellation test participants performed significantly faster in the room in which both the board and the wall were painted red, compared to the room with white board and white walls. Although there is no significant difference between experimental settings in the reading task, it is observed that the participants with ADHD corrected their mistakes more in rooms with wall and board colors different than each other. As a result, painting the wall behind the board a different color than the board is recommended to help children with ADHD focus their attention more easily in classroom environments. With the findings of the current study it is believed that the use of color in different objects and environments in different educational activities can contribute positively to the learning abilities and mental states of children, young and adults with ADHD.
Open Access
Effects of framing and the color red on in-class performances of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
(Türk Eğitim Derneği(TED), 2019) Öktem, Zeynep; Olguntürk, Nilgün
Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) face many challenges throughout their educational life. This study is to find out whether there is a combination of board and wall color that will help focus their attention in classroom environments. Therefore four experimental settings were prepared in which children with ADHD had to solve specially prepared tests on their most troublesome subjects. Results of one-way repeated measures ANOVAs showed that children with ADHD made significantly less errors in rooms where the board and wall colors were different than each other, in Coding and Matching tests. In the Pair Cancellation test participants performed significantly faster in the room in which both the board and the wall were painted red, compared to the room with white board and white walls. Although there is no significant difference between experimental settings in the reading task, it is observed that the participants with ADHD corrected their mistakes more in rooms with wall and board colors different than each other. As a result, painting the wall behind the board a different color than the board is recommended to help children with ADHD focus their attention more easily in classroom environments. With the findings of the current study it is believed that the use of color in different objects and environments in different educational activities can contribute positively to the learning abilities and mental states of children, young and adults with ADHD.
Open Access
The emergence and evolution of a politicized market : the production and circulation of Kurdish music Turkey
(2015) Kuruoğlu, Alev Pınar
This dissertation explicates the emergence and evolution of a market for Kurdish music in Turkey. Using ethnographic methods, I start by detailing the illegal circulation of cassettes during the restrictive and strife-laden period of the 1970s, 80s, and 90s. Through the resistive practices of circulation - recording, hiding, playing, and exchanging cassettes – cassettes became saturated with emotions, established shared emotional repertoires, and habituated individuals and collectives into common emotional dispositions. An emotional structure was generated, and accompanied the emergence of a sense of “us,” the delineation of the “other,” and the resistive relationship between the two. I thus demonstrate the entwinement of materiality with emotions, and the structuring potentiality that this entwinement generates. In the second part, I ethnographically explore the trajectory of the market after legalization in 1991. Situated within a context characterized by the sociopolitical dynamics of domination and stigmatization, I detail how market producers collectively construct an oppositional “market culture” by framing their marketrelated experiences, as well as by interacting with and borrowing ideological codes from the neighboring Kurdish political movement. These frames become entrenched as a political-normative logic, shaping artistic production and business decisions. This emergent logic negotiates societal-level conflict and stigma, and also resolves the market-level tension between artistic and commercial concerns. Finally, I explore the segmentation of the market in conjunction with changes in the socio-political atmosphere in the 2000s. I discuss how segmentation also corresponds to competing social imaginaries of a Kurdish public.
Open Access
Explaining duration of leadership change in Arab uprisings through perceived political opportunity structures : comparing Egypt and Syria
(2016-09) Dinçer, Osman Bahadır
Egyptian President Mubarak was forced to leave office after turbulent public protests that lasted eighteen days in 2011. Yet, in the Syrian case, we have currently been witnessing a completely different state of affairs. Hence, this comparative work is an attempt at exploring the dynamics of change within the context of domestic politics in two of the most important ‘Arab Spring’ countries, Egypt and Syria. The present research seeks to answer the following question: During the recent uprisings in the Arab world, why has the removal from office of the incumbent leader is less likely in Syria when compared to Egypt? The purpose of this research is two-fold. First, it investigates whether or not the historical trajectories [particularly from early 1970s to 2011] of these two states indicate a substantial difference in terms of being politically open or closed and in having different institutions with different characteristics. Second, it examines to what extent the strategies implemented by the regimes during the uprisings (January 25, 2011- February 11, 2011 [Egypt] and March 2011-2014 [Syria]) influence the claim-making capabilities of those opposition groups and the structure of elite alliances within the society and political scene. This work mainly follows the ‘political process’ (political opportunity structures) and ‘framing’ understandings of recent social movement literature, which describe the available and perceived opportunities and constraints of a political and institutional environment in which actors operate. Apart from the theoretical frameworks, the concept of ‘Social Drama’, envisaged by Victor Turner, has been employed as a convenient template to render the dynamics of the political processes under investigation more comprehensible. The data from large numbers of in-depth interviews with over 60 local informants is supported by an extensive literature review that includes very recent scholarly works in order to achieve more accurate claims. What is aimed at here is understanding this particular region better based on theoretically informed in-depth case studies, complemented by comparisons.
Open Access
Margins of the image : framing and deframing in the graphic novel and the film V for Vendetta
(2007) Sevin, Ayda
This thesis is an analysis of the graphic novel and its film adaptation V for Vendetta in terms of the concepts of framing and deframing. The theoretical framework is mainly derived from the reflections of Pascal Bonitzer, Gilles Deleuze, and Jacques Derrida. It is contended in this study that both the graphic novel and the film V for Vendetta are culturally deframing texts in different ways, and that they trigger the audiences’ already present reactions towards certain political frames and framings. As a result, it is argued and exemplified that both of the texts have become one single text, perceived as a “symbol of resistance” throughout the world.
Open Access
Representations of “Kanal İstanbul” in Turkish news media: content analysis of pro-government and oppositional newspapers
(2022-09) Hamamcı, Ezgi
This thesis examines the representations of the Kanal Istanbul project in online news articles published in Turkish pro-government and opposition newspapers with different political and ideological orientations. Five newspapers with different political and ideological perspectives, Sözcü, Cumhuriyet, Yeni Akit, Karar, and Sabah, are analyzed in terms of news content. In the study, news articles about Kanal Istanbul are analyzed under different categories such as the attitude of the news, the general tone of the news, the political figures in the news, the sources used in the news, and the theme of the news. The time scale of quantitative and qualitative content analysis covers the years between 2011 and 2022. Since there is not enough news text for analysis between 2011-2016, the news texts between 2016-2022 are included in the study. Focusing on the representations of the Kanal Istanbul project in the context of media framing theory, this thesis aims to reveal the ideological reflections in news representation by considering the principles of objectivity and impartiality in journalism practices.
Open Access
Representations of Syrian refugees in Turkish news media: content analysis of oppositional newspapers
(2021-06) Gürbüzdal, Ufuk
This thesis examines the representations of Syrian refugees in online news articles broadcasted by Turkish oppositional newspapers from different ideological and political orientations. The three oppositional media outlets, Evrensel, Milli Gazete and Sözcü, each with different politico-ideological standpoints, are examined for their news content. In the study, as a reference newspaper for pro-government news media, Sabah’s news content is also scrutinized. The news content of Sabah is analyzed to politically contextualize, first and foremost, the Turkish government’s refugee policy and, then, the examined newspapers’ opposition to this policy. The time scale of content analysis is divided into two central periods. To identify the most prominent representation differences in the news articles disseminated before and after the mass settlement of Syrian refugees in Turkish cities, the reports broadcasted solely in 2011-2013 and 2016-2018 are included in the content analysis scope. For newspapers where a sufficient number of online news is publicly available and accessible, 30 news articles per newspaper per year are analyzed. In cases where it is not possible to reach 30 reports, only the accessible amount of news is analyzed.
Open Access
Rights based approaches to development in international development organizations
(2009) Güçlü, Sibel
In the recent years, rights talk is used within development theory and practice at a frequent rate; under the heading of rights- or human rights-based approaches to development. Although there are significant challenges; the past two decades have witnessed a momentous rise of attention of the multilateral institutions, international organizations, international non-governmental organizations (INGOs) to the approach. The main argument of this thesis is that the implementation of rights-based approaches seriously depends on how the idea is framed. This thesis utilizes framing in the context of the UNDP. By looking at the official policy notes, project documents, concept papers and briefings, this study traces how human rights-based approaches to development are framed within the UNDP.
Open Access
“Waging war” for doing good? The fortune global 500’s framing of corporate responses to COVID-19 pandemic
(MDPI, 2022-03-01) Uysal, Nur; Akşak, Emel Özdora
This study examined corporate social responsibility (CSR) communication and pandemic responses of large corporations across multiple industries in a global context. Specifically, this research (1) described the state of CSR communication during the pandemic, and (2) identified how top global Fortune 500 corporations framed their COVID-19 pandemic responses as part of their social advocacy. An in-depth content analysis of the corporate communication messages revealed that top global corporations positioned their pandemic responses as an extension of their ongoing CSR commitment, prioritizing their philanthropic responsibilities over the ethical, legal, and economic responsibilities. They often relied on war metaphors, portraying the virus as the “common enemy” and employees as “heroes,” and highlighted their leadership role in the global “fight” against the pandemic as a “partner” of governments, “protector” of employees, and “supporter” of the communities. Analyzing a large data set from a global perspective, this study provides a comprehensive look at the state of CSR communication during the pandemic and demonstrates how corporations as authoritative societal actors help shape the ongoing discourse on the global COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, the study makes several practical and theoretical contributions to sustainability research and our understanding of the evolving relationship between business and society. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.