Browsing by Subject "Feasibility"

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Open Access
The analysis of a new entry into the industrial market
(1996) Sabaz, Serhat
The use of random co-polymer polypropylene (PP-R) in hot water sanitary systems has grown substantially in Europe over the last five years. It is expected that the numerous benefits of PP-r over other materials will help this trend continue, and expand beyond Europe. Ongoing work on standards and specifications promises to further strengthen PP-r pipes' competitiveness. Therefore, the performance of such a new product is worth investigation. Apart from the PP pipe industry, analyzing the overall performance of the whole sanitary pipe sector (Steel and PP pipe) is as important in order to understand major differences. The aim of this study is to analyze the development of a new entry in the Turkish industrial market at a Turkish company that operates as the six largest producer of longitudinally welded steel pipes in Europe. Throughout this study, the market development of PP-r pipes in Europe and in Turkey, together with the various success factors that have contributed to the substitution of traditional non-plastic pipe solutions with PP-R systems in sanitary tap water installations are also introduced. Afterwards, the steps that necessitate a successful entry from the design to launch and the areas where the company shortfall are identified, a new marketing strategy for a successful penetration is developed, and necessary corrections are made for a better competitive action. Finally, in the conclusion part, the internal (company specific) factors that delayed the success of the new product is conveyed.
Open Access
High Power CMUTs: design and experimental verification
(IEEE, 2012) Yamaner, F. Y.; Olcum, S.; Oguz, H. K.; Bozkurt, A.; Köymen, Hayrettin; Atalar, Abdullah
Capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (CMUTs) have great potential to compete with piezoelectric transducers in high-power applications. As the output pressures increase, nonlinearity of CMUT must be reconsidered and optimization is required to reduce harmonic distortions. In this paper, we describe a design approach in which uncollapsed CMUT array elements are sized so as to operate at the maximum radiation impedance and have gap heights such that the generated electrostatic force can sustain a plate displacement with full swing at the given drive amplitude. The proposed design enables high output pressures and low harmonic distortions at the output. An equivalent circuit model of the array is used that accurately simulates the uncollapsed mode of operation. The model facilities the design of CMUT parameters for high-pressure output, without the intensive need for computationally involved FEM tools. The optimized design requires a relatively thick plate compared with a conventional CMUT plate. Thus, we used a silicon wafer as the CMUT plate. The fabrication process involves an anodic bonding process for bonding the silicon plate with the glass substrate. To eliminate the bias voltage, which may cause charging problems, the CMUT array is driven with large continuous wave signals at half of the resonant frequency. The fabricated arrays are tested in an oil tank by applying a 125-V peak 5-cycle burst sinusoidal signal at 1.44 MHz. The applied voltage is increased until the plate is about to touch the bottom electrode to get the maximum peak displacement. The observed pressure is about 1.8 MPa with −28 dBc second harmonic at the surface of the array.