Browsing by Subject "DSS"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3

Open Access
A decision support system for the university timetabling problem with instructor preferences
(Medwell Journals, 2006) Günalay, Y.; Sahin, T.
This study describes a decision support system for the university timetabling problem with instructor preferences, which uses Goal Programming (GP) as its modeling engine. The timetabling problem has been studied by many researchers and is an NP-complete problem. We model this difficult problem as a GP formulation and use its outputs in the decision support system. The GP model helps the user to consider the objectives of different parties involved in the problem. However, this increases the computational time of the model. Therefore, an iterative decision support system is proposed for generating the best scheduling alternative. Our model is tested using data from the Turkish Military Academy and its results are discussed.
Embargo
Metabolic and mechanical coupling of enteric nervous system in regenerating colon
(2024-08) Sarı, İlke
Resolution of inflammation in different tissues still remains unclear. Different cell types coordinate to ameliorate inflammatory regions. In colon, enteric nervous system (ENS) is one of cell types that responds to inflammation with its heterogeneous cell types and locations throughout different layers. However, reaction of enteric glia and neuron to regeneration mechanistically and metabolically is still unknown. In this study, we found that neurons are hyperactivated upon inflammation and produce lipid droplets; enteric glia uptake these lipids to protect neurons from lipid induced toxicity. Lipid particles are stored in enteric glia. In addition to metabolic response, there is also metabolic response of ENS to regeneration which is resolved by spatial transcriptomics. This method enabled us to identify transcripts in their exact positions on the tissue; allowed us to determine transcript proximities to each other in a reorganizing tissue. We found that PTN-PTPRZ1 axis is a regulator of cell inclination of ENS cells in muscularis externa towards the submucosa. Co-expression of Ptn-Ptprz1 was increased in the regenerative area of the colon. Moreover, to determine role of ENS in tissue reorientation in vitro, we achieved to produce ENS harboring complex assembloids. Enteric progenitor cells derived neuron and glia cells from muscularis externa were able to migrate mucosa. This study underscores diverse aspects of ENS cells to aid regeneration process upon regeneration in colon.
Open Access
The primary cilia of the gastrointestinal tract in homeostasis and disease at the single-cell level
(2021-07) Esen, Deniz
The gastrointestinal tract is regularly renewed by stem cells which divide and differentiate into functionally and morphologically distinct cell types. Several key pathways, such as Wnt, Hedgehog and Bmp, regulate the cell fate. However, it remains a mystery how the associated signaling molecules are relayed between cells to coordinate stemness and differentiation cues. Primary cilia are small antenna-like organelles that harbors many receptors for these pathways. Here public single-cell RNA sequencing data is re-analyzed to show that primary cilia expression is heterogeneous in the intestinal mesenchyme and liver. Presence of primary cilia is also validated using immunofluorescence in the stroma and muscle cells of the mouse colon, using known markers of the primary cilia. Acot7 is identified as a primary cilium associated marker and found to be expressed in myenteric ganglia. In mice challenged with DSS to model ulcerative colitis, primary cilia are observed more abundant as the area covered by crypt structures become reduced due to the loss of epithelium. Acot7 expressing ganglial cells were observed more frequently and displayed morphological differences. Additionally, mice fed a high-fat diet over 16 weeks had shortening of the colon crypts and an increase in the primary cilia. This work suggests that primary cilia exist in the gastrointestinal tract during homeostasis and participate in inflammation and diet-based adaptations.