Browsing by Subject "Corpus callosum"

Filter results by typing the first few letters
Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    ItemOpen Access
    MIR137 polygenic risk for schizophrenia and ephrin-regulated pathway: Role in lateral ventricles and corpus callosum volume
    (Asociacion Espanola de Psicologia Conductual, 2024-04-09) Blokland, G. A. M.; Maleki, N.; Jovicich, J.; Mesholam-Gately, R. I.; Delisi, L. E.; Turner, J. A.; Shenton, M. E.; Voineskos, A. N.; Kahn, R. S.; Roffman, J. L.; Holt, D. J.; Ehrlich, S.; Kikinis, Z.; Dazzan, P.; Murray, R. M.; Lee, J.; Sim, K.; Lam, M.; de Zwarte, S. M. C.; Walton, E.; Kelly, S.; Picchioni, M. M.; Bramon, E.; Makris, N.; David, A. S.; Mondelli, V.; Reinders, A. A. T. S.; Oykhman, E.; Morris, D. W.; Gill, M.; Corvin, A. P.; Cahn, W.; Ho, N.; Liu, J.; Gollub, R. L.; Manoach, D. S.; Calhoun, V. D.; Sponheim, S. R.; Buka, S. L.; Cherkerzian, S.; Thermenos, H. W.; Dickie, E. W.; Ciufolini, S.; Marques, T. Reis; Crossley, N. A.; Purcell, S. M.; Smoller, J. W.; Van Haren, N. E. M.; Toulopoulou, Timothea; Donohoe, G.; Goldstein, J. M.; Keshavan, M. S.; Petryshen, T. L.; del Re, E. C.
    Background/Objective. Enlarged lateral ventricle (LV) volume and decreased volume in the corpus callosum (CC) are hallmarks of schizophrenia (SZ). We previously showed an inverse correlation between LV and CC volumes in SZ, with global functioning decreasing with increased LV volume. This study investigates the relationship between LV volume, CC abnormalities, and the microRNA MIR137 and its regulated genes in SZ, because of MIR137 's essential role in neurodevelopment. Methods . Participants were 1224 SZ probands and 1466 unaffected controls from the GENUS Consortium. Brain MRI scans, genotype, and clinical data were harmonized across cohorts and employed in the analyses. Results. Increased LV volumes and decreased CC central, mid -anterior, and mid -posterior volumes were observed in SZ probands. The MIR137-regulated ephrin pathway was significantly associated with CC:LV ratio, explaining a significant proportion (3.42 %) of CC:LV variance, and more than for LV and CC separately. Other pathways explained variance in either CC or LV, but not both. CC:LV ratio was also positively correlated with Global Assessment of Functioning, supporting previous subsample findings. SNP -based heritability estimates were higher for CC central:LV ratio (0.79) compared to CC or LV separately. Discussion. Our results indicate that the CC:LV ratio is highly heritable, influenced in part by variation in the MIR137-regulated ephrin pathway. Findings suggest that the CC:LV ratio may be a risk indicator in SZ that correlates with global functioning.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ItemOpen Access
    Structural brain alterations of Down’s syndrome in early childhood evaluation by DTI and volumetric analyses
    (Springer Verlag, 2017) Gunbey, H. P.; Bilgici, M. C.; Aslan, K.; Has, A. C.; Ogur, M. G.; Alhan, A.; Incesu, L.
    Objectives: To provide an initial assessment of white matter (WM) integrity with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and the accompanying volumetric changes in WM and grey matter (GM) through volumetric analyses of young children with Down’s syndrome (DS). Methods: Ten children with DS and eight healthy control subjects were included in the study. Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) were used in the DTI study for whole-brain voxelwise analysis of fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) of WM. Volumetric analyses were performed with an automated segmentation method to obtain regional measurements of cortical volumes. Results: Children with DS showed significantly reduced FA in association tracts of the fronto-temporo-occipital regions as well as the corpus callosum (CC) and anterior limb of the internal capsule (p < 0.05). Volumetric reductions included total cortical GM, cerebellar GM and WM volume, basal ganglia, thalamus, brainstem and CC in DS compared with controls (p < 0.05). Conclusion: These preliminary results suggest that DTI and volumetric analyses may reflect the earliest complementary changes of the neurodevelopmental delay in children with DS and can serve as surrogate biomarkers of the specific elements of WM and GM integrity for cognitive development. Key Points: • DS is the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability. • WM and GM structural alterations represent the neurological features of DS. • DTI may identify the earliest aging process changes. • DTI-volumetric analyses can serve as surrogate biomarkers of neurodevelopment in DS. © 2016, European Society of Radiology.