Browsing by Subject "Commonsense Reasoning"

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6

Open Access
Contexts and situations
(1994) Surav, Mehmet
The issue of context arises in assorted areas of Artificial Intelligence, Mathematical Logic, and Natural Language Semantics. Although its importance is realized by various researchers, there is not much work towards a useful formalization. In this thesis, we will try to identify the problem, and decide what we need for an acceptable (formal) account of the notion of context. We will present a preliminary model (based on Situation Theory) and give examples to show the use of context in various fields, and the advantages gained by the acceptance of our proposal.
Open Access
Nonstandard set theories and information management
(Springer/, 1996) Akman, V.; Pakkan, M.
The merits of set theory as a foundational tool in mathematics stimulate its use in various areas of artificial intelligence, in particular intelligent information systems. In this paper, a study of various nonstandard treatments of set theory from this perspective is offered. Applications of these alternative set theories to information or knowledge management are surveyed.
Open Access
Representing the Zoo World and the Traffic World in the language of the Causal Calculator
(Elsevier, 2004-03) Akman, V.; Erdoğan, S. T.; Lee, J.; Lifschitz, V.; Turner, H.
The work described in this report is motivated by the desire to test the expressive possibilities of action language C+. The Causal Calculator (CCALC) is a system that answers queries about action domains described in a fragment of that language. The Zoo World and the Traffic World have been proposed by Erik Sandewall in his Logic Modelling Workshop—an environment for communicating axiomatizations of action domains of nontrivial size. The Zoo World consists of several cages and the exterior, gates between them, and animals of several species, including humans. Actions in this domain include moving within and between cages, opening and closing gates, and mounting and riding animals. The Traffic World includes vehicles moving continuously between road crossings subject to a number of restrictions, such as speed limits and keeping a fixed safety distance away from other vehicles on the road. We show how to represent the two domains in the input language of CCALC, and how to use CCALC to test these representations.(C)2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Open Access
Situated modeling of epistemic puzzles
(1994) Ersan, Murat
Situation theory is a mathematical theory of meaning introduced by Jon Barwise and John Perry. It has evoked great theoretical and practical interest and motivated the framework of a few ‘computational’ systems. PROSIT is the pioneering work in this direction. Unfortunately, there is a lack of reallife applications on these systems and this study is a preliminary attempt to remedy this deficiency. Here, we examine how much PROSIT reflects situationtheoretic concepts and solve a group of epistemic puzzles, using the constructs provided by this programming language.
Open Access
The use of a theorem prover to verifity a liquid flow control program
(1993) Uçar, Erkan
Program verification is an important task since it produces reliable software. Verification of real-time control programs needs special attention since these run in the real world and it is difficult to determine their mathematical properties. Besides, validating large real-time programs manually is impossible. Owing to these reasons, mechanical program verification systems have to be used. Boyer-Moore Theorem Prover (NQTHM) which, in fact, is a generalpurpose automated theorem prover, is such a system. We corroborated the control programs of a simple real-time system, viz. a water-tank complex, using NQTHM. A useful simulator (called WATERWORKS) has been implemented for this purpose.
Open Access
The use of situation theory in context modeling
(Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc., 1997) Akman, V.; Surav, M.
At the heart of natural language processing is the understanding of context dependent meanings This paper presents a preliminary model of formal contexts based on situation theory. It also gives a worked-out example to show the use of contexts in lifting, i.e., how propositions holding in a particular context transform when they are moved to another context. This is useful in NLP applications where preserving meaning is a desideratum.