Browsing by Subject "Cold war"

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Open Access
A Turkish mayor goes to Moscow: Vedat Dalokay and development politics in the 1970s
(Sage Publications Ltd., 2023-08-30) Hirst, Samuel John; Khajei, Aydın; Kaptan, Deniz
In 1975, the mayor of Ankara requested Soviet assistance to build a public transportation system and affordable housing in the Turkish capital. This article uses Vedat Dalokay's appeal as a window into international development politics during a transformative decade. The 1970s saw growing leftism in Turkey, and Dalokay hoped that progressive urban planning would solidify voting trends among rural-to-urban migrants. He sought to introduce a new ideological element into Soviet–Turkish exchange, but politicians and academics in Moscow dismissed Dalokay's class-oriented projects. Instead, they increased their investments in the steel mills and electricity plants that were hallmarks of Soviet economic exchanges with the Third World. Whereas Dalokay's aspirations emerged from a Turkish intellectual climate that was being reshaped by dependency theory and by disillusionment in the possibilities for growth within boundaries defined by the political borders of nation-states, Soviet economists and bureaucrats remained wedded to the idea of development defined in terms of the territorial economy. The Ankara municipality eventually turned to Western Europe, but the Turkish government continued to negotiate gas pipelines and nuclear power plants with the Soviet and post-Soviet Russian governments. This article explores the ideological assumptions that have shaped economic exchange across the Black Sea.
Open Access
The role of ideology in Turkish foreign policy during the Democrat Party
(2021-05) Bilir, Ali Berk
With the end of the Second World War, Turkey increasingly aligned with the Western powers. Turkey was a key recipient of Marshall Plan aid that sought to rebuild Europe after the destruction of the war. In the aftermath of the war, the Turkish political scene and the economy liberalized as Turkey integrated itself more with the West. These policies were followed by a power change with the defeat of the Republic’s founding party, the Republican People’s Party, to the Democrat Party in the 1950 elections. Adnan Menderes’ ten-year rule was a period of close cooperation between Ankara and its Western partners. In this study, I have sought to examine the role of ideology in the Menderes Government’s foreign policy. To capture the balance between Menderes’s pro-Western ideology and his concerns about Turkey’s security and economy, the thesis highlights three different cases. American financial aid to Turkey reveals the limits of Menderes’s pro-Westernism and the different approaches to developmental plans in Ankara and Washington. Turkish-Soviet relations show that his government’s attitude towards Moscow was not narrowly ideological and changed over time. It was in the Menderes government’s attitude towards decolonization movements and Third World nationalism that ideology had an undeniable influence on Ankara’s foreign policy.
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Türkiye’de Komünizm hareketi ve Türkiye Komünist Parti’sinin 1970-2000 arası tarihi ve Türkiye siyasetindeki yeri
(Bilkent University, 2020) Ateş, Ezgi Ece; Atak, İrem Ceren; Demircioğlu, Meriç; Timuroğlu, İdil; Şimşek, Özgün Umut
1920 de kurulmuş olan Türkiye Komünist Partisi, Marksist-Leninist ideolojileri benimsemiş ve varlığını günümüze kadar getirmiştir. Ancak Türkiye Komünist Partisi 100 yılı aşkın bir süredir aktif olmasına rağmen, yaptıkları faaliyetlere dair yeterli kaynak yoktur. Bu makalede Türkiye’deki komünizm hareketinden ve TKP’ nin 1960- 2000 yılları arasında Türkiye siyasetindeki yerinden bahsedilecektir. Daha detaylı bilgi vermek gerekirse, 1920 döneminde partinin nasıl kurulduğu, Komünizm ve dinamiklerinin ne olduğundan, soğuk savaş yıllarının Türkiye komünizmini nasıl etkilediğinden bahsedilecektir. Ayrıca siyasi çekişmelerin çok olduğu 1960’ lı yıllardaki TKP ve Türk solunun yükselişinden, nasıl bir yayılma politikası izlediklerinden, ardından 1980 darbesinde de ne gibi sonuçlarla karşılaştığına dair ve günümüzde nasıl faaliyetlerde bulundukları ile ilgili bir anlatı yapılacaktır.