Browsing by Subject "Acoustic transducers"

Now showing 1 - 7 of 7

Open Access
A backscattering formula for acoustic transducers
(A I P Publishing, 1980-06) Atalar, Abdullah
A backscattering formula for a single transducer geometry is derived. It expresses the output voltage of the transducer in terms of the angular spectra of scalar and vector acoustic potentials on a plane. The formulation is suitable for acoustic problems involving wide angular spectrum beams. The derived formula gives a simple expression for the problem of a circular transducer facing a plane reflector. The output voltage of a transducer receiving the backscattered waves from an arbitrary size spherical flaw is also presented.
Open Access
Microfabricated ultrasonic transducers: towards robust models and immersion devices
(IEEE, 1996-11) Ladabaum, I.; Jin, X.; Soh, H. T.; Pierre, F.; Atalar, Abdullah; Khuri-Yakub, B. T.
The successful fabrication of ultrasonic immersion transducers is reported. Transducers are observed to operate from 1 MHz to 20 MHz in water, with the frequency range limited by electronics, not the transducers. Transmission results are included which show that a single pair of transducers is able to operate in water at 4, 6, and 8 MHz with a signal to noise ratio of at least 48 dB. The same transducer pair is shown to operate in air at 6 MHz. A model is introduced which highlights the significant parameters of transducer design. The model enables the design of optimized transducers.
Open Access
Micromachinable leaky wave air transducers
(IEEE, 1997-11) Değertekin, F. L.; Atalar, Abdullah; Khuri-Yakub, B. T.
In this paper, ultrasonic air transducers which use the lowest order antisymmetric (A/sub 0/) mode Lamb waves in a thin plate as a means of efficient coupling of ultrasonic energy to air are discussed. For a silicon plate of 1 /spl mu/m thickness, the energy leak rates can go up to 0.6 dB per wavelength. At MHz frequencies the plate thickness should be in the range of 1-10 /spl mu/m, which requires micromachined structures to be used. The radiation pattern of the transducers can be controlled by the geometry of the transducer, which can also be used for focusing. A theoretical model to calculate the efficiency and optimized transducer dimensions is presented. This model is applied to common micromachining materials such as silicon, silicon nitride and silicon dioxide. The analysis show that, with these transducers it is possible to achieve a conversion loss with a minimum of 8.7 dB and 78% fractional bandwidth. Experimental results on transmission imaging are also presented using an implementation of the transducer operating around 580 kHz.
Open Access
A new directional acoustic lens: V-groove lens
(IEEE, 1993) Bozkurt, Ayhan; Yaralıoğlu, G. Göksenin; Atalar, Abdullah; Köymen, Hayrettin
A new directional acoustic lens is introduced. The geometry is very similar to the line-focus lens except the lens cavity, which is shaped as a groove with flat-bottom V cross section. The slanted planar edges of the groove are inclined in order to generate waves incident on the object surface at a critical angle. Hence, the edges of the groove act like two wedge transducers facing each other. The cross section of the lens is the same as that of the Lamb Wave Lens. Therefore, it enjoys the same sensitivity to surface wave excitations. On the other hand, since the cross section remains the same along one of the lateral directions, it has directional properties very similar to that of the Line Focus Beam Lens. The waves normally incident on the object surface generated from the flat-bottom, interfere with those at the critical angle, giving rise to a V(Z) effect. Calculated responses of the lens are presented for silicon (001) surface as a function of crystal orientation. The calculated curves are compared with measurement results. The leaky wave velocities are extracted from the measurement results using the conventional FFT algorithm. A new model based algorithm is proposed for extracting the velocity information from V(Z) data.
Open Access
A synthetic aperture imaging system using surface wave modes
(IEEE, 1995) Bozkurt, Ayhan; Arıkan, Orhan; Atalar, Abdullah
A synthetic aperture acoustic imaging system with a novel inversion algorithm is described. Data is obtained by using a transducer insonifying the sample surface at a critical angle which is excited by a short electrical pulse. The critical angle is chosen for a suitable surface wave or Lamb wave mode that exists on the object. The transducer is mechanically scanned in only one direction during which many pulse excitations and subsequent recordings are realized. The received signal is sampled in time and digitized to be processed by using the new inversion approach providing an optimal 2-D image of the surface reflectivity.
Open Access
Use of a conical axicon as a surface acoustic wave focusing device
(IEEE, 1987-01) Atalar, Abdullah; Köymen, Hayrettin
Ultrasonic axicons generate waves which focus on a line. They are used in various imaging applications as hulk wave focusing devices with a very long depth of focus. A new type of conical axicon is introduced. It consists of a concave parabolic surface immersed in a liquid medium and insonified obliquely by wavefronts generated by a plane transducer. The parabolic cylinder can be approximated by a portion of a circular cylinder without losing significantly in the focusing performance of the axicon. It is also shown that conical axicons can be used to excite surface waves provided that the cone angle of the axicon coincides with the Rayleigh critical angle of the liquid-solid interface. The generated surface waves focus into a diffraction-limited spot. This new surface wave focusing scheme is easy to use and has a conversion efficiency and sensitivity far better than other existing techniques.
Open Access
A wideband and a Wide-Beamwidth acoustic transducer design for underwater acoustic communications
(IEEE, 2007-05) Elmaslı, I. Ceren; Köymen, Hayrettin
This paper is concerned with the design of an efficient, wideband and a wide-beamwidth resonant acoustic transducer for high frequency use. The general transducer structure which has two back-to-back quarter wave thick 1-3 composite ceramic elements at resonance frequency is introduced. The transducer is employed for both transmit and receive modes. Design of transmitting and receiving transducers are discussed. Several transfer functions are derived and their effective bandwidths are calculated. It is shown that the phase angle difference between two acoustic ports in receive mode can be processed at the electrical ports to maintain better throughput. The paper includes future works to be done. It is concluded that the proposed structure can be used for applications of spread spectrum schemes in underwater communications. ©2006 IEEE.