Browsing by Author "Orhan, Zeynep"

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Open Access
Confidence factor assignment to translation templates
(1998) Orhan, Zeynep
TTL {Translation Template Learner) algorithm learns lexical level correspondences between two translation examples by using analogical reasoning. The sentences used as translation examples have similar and different parts in the source language which must correspond to the similar and different parts in the target language. Therefore, these correspondences are learned as translation templates. The learned translation templates are used in the translation of other sentences. However, we need to assign confidence factors to these translation templates to order translation results with respect to previously assigned confidence factors. This thesis proposes a method for assigning confidence factors to translation templates learned by the TTL algorithm. In this process, each template is assigned a confidence factor according to the statistical information obtained from training data. Furthermore, some template combinations are also assigned confidence factors in order to eliminate certain combinations resulting bad translation.
Open Access
Design and application of nerve growth factor-β binding peptide nanofibers for neural regeneration
(2016-11) Orhan, Zeynep
Promotion of neurite outgrowth is an important limiting step for the regeneration of nerve injury and depends strongly on the local expression of nerve growth factor (NGF). Rational design of bioactive materials is a promising approach for the development of novel therapeutic methods for nerve regeneration, and biomaterials capable of presenting NGF to nerve cells are especially suitable for this purpose. This thesis describes development of nanofibrous peptide amphiphile (PA) nanofibers capable of promoting neurite outgrowth by displaying high density binding epitopes for NGF. The high-affinity NGF-binding sequence was identified by phage display and combined with a beta-sheet forming motif to produce a self-assembling PA molecule. Our results revealed that the bioactive nanofiber had higher affinity for NGF compared to control nanofiber and in vitro studies showed that the NGF binding peptide amphiphile nanofibers (NGFB-PA nanofiber) significantly promote the neurite outgrowth of PC-12 cells. In addition, the nanofibers induced differentiation of PC-12 cells into neuron-like cells by enhancing NGF/high-activity NGF receptor (TrkA) interactions and activating MAPK pathway elements. The first time with this study a seven amino acid phage display peptide library was utilized for high affinity epitope screening for NGF, the NGF binding sequence was incorporated into peptide amphiphile structure, and the effect of NGF binding material on differentiation pathway of NGF was analyzed. This material will pave the way for development of new therapeutic agents for nervous system injuries.