Browsing by Author "Mohamed, Omair A. A."
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Item Open Access Spatio-temporal evolution of evaporating liquid films sheared by a gas(2019-11) Mohamed, Omair A. A.The main purpose of this work is the investigation of the spatio-temporal characteristics of an evaporating liquid film under the in uence of inertia, hydrostatic pressure, thermocapillary effects, vapor recoil, and shear stress imparted by a gas. The effects of the shearing gas are included via the introduction of a constant shear agent quantity modeling the effect of a constant shear stress applied along the liquid interface. Subsequently, long wave theory is used to derive an interface evolution equation accounting for all the previous effects which then is used to analyze the linear stability characteristics of the film for different parameter combinations. First a temporal analysis is performed to determine the stable/unstable parameter sets, followed by spatio-temporal analysis to differentiate the absolute/convective stability domains. It is demonstrated that the shear agent acts as a modifier to the base ow's existing inertia and therefore doesn't change perturbation growth rates in a stationary base ow, however it does have a strong effect on the phase speed. Therefore it can cause convective/absolute transitions of thermal instabilities. As for its effect on inertial instabilities, namely the H-mode, positive values of the shear agent promote its growth, while negative ones suppress it, to the point of completely eliminating it for sufficiently negative values. As for the effects of evaporation it is found that the reduction in film height due to evaporation suppresses the advection of perturbations through the film and therefore promotes absolute instabilities. In order to investigate the non-linear evolution of the interface, the evolution equation is solved numerically. Initially, the interface evolution is simulated for infinitesimal perturbations over a periodic domain for the purposes of validation by comparison to the linear temporal stability results, and also to existing literature. Once the numerical procedure is validated, the non-linear evolution of the interface is studied. Finally, the shear gas's effect on film rupture location nd time are studied where it is found that the shear agent can strongly affect rupture location and time, but doesn't change the self-similar rupture mechanics as the minimum film height approaches zero.Item Open Access Spatiotemporal evolution of evaporating liquid films sheared by a gas(American Physical Society, 2021-11-04) Mohamed, Omair A. A.; Dallaston, M. C.; Biancofiore, LucaWe study the spatiotemporal evolution of an evaporating liquid film sheared by a gas considering both inertial and thermal instabilities, the latter arising from a combination of evaporation and Marangoni effects. The shearing gas is modeled by imposing a constant shear stress applied along the liquid's interface. Following in the footsteps of Joo et al. [S. W. Joo et al., J. Fluid Mech. 230, 117 (1991)], long-wave theory is used to derive a Benney-like equation governing the temporal volution of the liquid interface under the effects of inertia, hydrostatic pressure, surface tension, thermocapillarity, evaporation, and gas shear. Linear stability theory is used to investigate the temporal and spatiotemporal characteristics of the flow, where it is found that the evaporation of the film promotes absolute instabilities and can cause convective-absolute transitions of the perturbations. It is also found that a strong enough counterflowing shearing gas can suppress the inertial instability, commonly known as the H mode, affirming similar conclusions found by previous studies for a strongly confined isothermal film. Additionally, our temporal stability analysis indicates that the thinning of the film reduces the phase speed of thermal perturbations, due to the increasing dominance of viscosity. However, our spatiotemporal analysis shows that the thinning of the film actually results in the growth of additional modes with higher group velocities resulting in faster contamination of the flow field. Moreover, the interface evolution equation is solved numerically to (i) simulate the film's interface evolution subject to finite perturbations and (ii) compare to the results of the linear stability analysis. We find qualitative agreement between the temporal dynamics of the linear and nonlinear instabilities. Our subsequent numerical nonlinear spatiotemporal stability analysis demonstrates that for weaker thermal instabilities, the wave-front dynamics are imposed by the nonlinearly saturated wave packet, while for stronger thermal instabilities, the wave-front dynamics are dictated by the linear dispersion relationship. We also study the effects of the dimensionless parameters on the rupture location and the time it takes for the fluid film to rupture. Finally, the shear stress's effect on the rupture mechanics of the film is studied using self-similarity analysis, where we identify the fate of the evolution equation's solutions.