Browsing by Author "Fatima, Maham"

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    How secularism affected religious education in schools in Turkey from 1920-1930s and 1950-1990s?
    (Bilkent University, 2024) Fatima, Maham; Amin, Mubeen; Rajwana, Abdullah; Awan, Rahem; Qureshi, Musa
    The historical revolution of secularism in Turkey affected religious education in schools in two key time periods: 1920s – 1930s and 1950s – 1990s. The first period saw further development of secularism after the establishment of The Republic of Turkey and the unification of the education system. The dual system of education was changed, and following many curriculum changes, religious education was removed from all schools in 1939. The next period focuses on the efforts to integrate religious education back into the system and public reactions to these efforts. The formation of Imam Hatip schools and Turkish-Islamic synthesis were the results of these efforts. This research paper also analyzes the laws made in the late twentieth century to bring back religious education and the changes in the curriculum through which religious and moral education was made compulsory in schools. Furthermore, heated debates regarding this decision will be analyzed. This research paper aims to focus on the changes that secularism had on religious education while discussing how religion was brought under the control of the state instead of being made separate from the state, which was the initial motive stated in the Kemalist era.