Browsing by Author "Ashrafizadeh, Milad"

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    Chitosan- and hyaluronic acid-based nanoarchitectures in phototherapy: Combination cancer chemotherapy, immunotherapy and gene therapy
    (Elsevier BV, 2024-07) Wang, Zheng; Pang, Shuo; Liu, Xiaoli; Dong, Zi; Tian, Yu; Ashrafizadeh, Milad; Rabiee, Navid; Ertaş, Yavuz Nuri; Mao, Ying
    Cancer phototherapy has been introduced as a new potential modality for tumor suppression. However, the efficacy of phototherapy has been limited due to a lack of targeted delivery of photosensitizers. Therefore, the application of biocompatible and multifunctional nanoparticles in phototherapy is appreciated. Chitosan (CS) as a cationic polymer and hyaluronic acid (HA) as a CD44-targeting agent are two widely utilized polymers in nanoparticle synthesis and functionalization. The current review focuses on the application of HA and CS nanostructures in cancer phototherapy. These nanocarriers can be used in phototherapy to induce hyperthermia and singlet oxygen generation for tumor ablation. CS and HA can be used for the synthesis of nanostructures, or they can functionalize other kinds of nanostructures used for phototherapy, such as gold nanorods. The HA and CS nanostructures can combine chemotherapy or immunotherapy with phototherapy to augment tumor suppression. Moreover, the CS nanostructures can be functionalized with HA for specific cancer phototherapy. The CS and HA nanostructures promote the cellular uptake of genes and photosensitizers to facilitate gene therapy and phototherapy. Such nanostructures specifically stimulate phototherapy at the tumor site, with particle toxic impacts on normal cells. Moreover, CS and HA nanostructures demonstrate high biocompatibility for further clinical applications.
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    Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: current development, challenges, and clinical perspectives
    (BioMed Central, 2024-06-24) Zhang, Xian-Bin; Fan, Yi-Bao; Jing, Rui; Getu, Mikiyas Amare; Chen, Wan-Ying; Zhang, Wei; Dong, Hong-Xia; Dakal, Tikam Chand; Hayat, Akhtar; Cai, Hua-Jun; Ashrafizadeh, Milad; Abd El-Aty, A. M.; Hacimuftuoglu, Ahmet; Liu, Peng; Li, Tian-Feng; Sethi, Gautam; Ahn, Kwang Seok; Ertas, Yavuz Nuri; Chen, Min-Jiang; Ji, Jian-Song; Ma, Li; Gong, Peng
    Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are highly heterogeneous and potentially malignant tumors arising from secretory cells of the neuroendocrine system. Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) are the most common subtype of NENs. Historically, GEP-NENs have been regarded as infrequent and slow-growing malignancies; however, recent data have demonstrated that the worldwide prevalence and incidence of GEP-NENs have increased exponentially over the last three decades. In addition, an increasing number of studies have proven that GEP-NENs result in a limited life expectancy. These findings suggested that the natural biology of GEP-NENs is more aggressive than commonly assumed. Therefore, there is an urgent need for advanced researches focusing on the diagnosis and management of patients with GEP-NENs. In this review, we have summarized the limitations and recent advancements in our comprehension of the epidemiology, clinical presentations, pathology, molecular biology, diagnosis, and treatment of GEP-NETs to identify factors contributing to delays in diagnosis and timely treatment of these patients.