Browsing by Author "Ökten, Çağla"

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Attainment and gender equality in higher education: evidence from a large-scale expansion
(University of Chicago Press, 2024-09-01) Caner, A.; Derebasoglu, M.; Ökten, Çağla
We examine the causal effects of the drastic expansion in Turkish higher education on the attainment disadvantage of women by using the variation in exposure intensity across cohorts and regions. The expansion increased the attainment rates of both genders but did not significantly reduce the gender gap after controlling for time trend. Studying the mechanisms, we observe that the expansion in social sciences, more than half of additional slots, benefited men and women evenly, but the expansion in engineering, about 25% of additional slots, benefited men more. The results are robust to a wide range of checks for alternative specifications, samples, and policies.
Open Access
The effect of parental job loss on youth transition to employment in Turkey
(Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2022-01-20) Karaoğlan, Deniz; Ökten, Çağla
This article analyses the impact of household head's involuntary job loss on young person's (15–24 years old) likelihood to transition from non-employment to employment. We construct twelve two-year pseudo-panels based on previous year's labour market outcomes using Turkish Household Labor Force Surveys (THLFS) from 2005 to 2016 and then pool the twelve pseudo-panels for analysis. We examine youth's labour market responses according to education levels and gender. We show that a female with at least a high school degree is about 8.7 percentage points more likely to transition to from non-employment to employment in the group where the head experienced an unexpected job loss than a female in the group where the head remained employed. Furthermore, for females, the probability of transitioning to employment increases by education level. For males, although we find positive and statistically significant effect of head's job loss on the transition probability, we do not find any differences according to education level.
Open Access
The impact of education on time spent in religious activities: evidence from Turkey
(Routledge, 2021-04-15) Akar, Betül; Ökten, Çağla
This paper investigates the impact of increased education, due to an exogenous education reform, on time spent in religious activities by utilizing the Turkish Time Use Survey data. The education reform significantly rises individuals’ years of schooling. We also document that for women, increased education has a negative causal impact on the allocation of time to religious activities. However, there are no significant effects of education on men’s time spent in religious activities. As a result, we suggest that education plays an important role in altering individuals’ religious behaviour through its effects on preferences.
Open Access
Privatization in Turkey: what has been achieved?
(Routledge, 2006) Ökten, Çağla; Altuğ, S. G.; Filiztekin, A.
In the last two decades, many countries have launched extensive privatization programs. There is now a growing body of literature on the effects of privatization on efficiency. In this chapter, we first review the theoretical and empirical literature on privatization. We then focus on privatization efforts in Turkey and analyze the Turkish experience within the context of the literature.