Discrete-time pricing and optimal exercise of American perpetual warrants in the geometric random walk model

Date
2013
Authors
Vanderbei, R. J.
Pınar, M. Ç.
Bozkaya, E. B.
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Source Title
Applied Mathematics and Optimization
Print ISSN
0095-4616
Electronic ISSN
1432-0606
Publisher
Volume
67
Issue
1
Pages
97 - 122
Language
English
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Abstract

An American option (or, warrant) is the right, but not the obligation, to purchase or sell an underlying equity at any time up to a predetermined expiration date for a predetermined amount. A perpetual American option differs from a plain American option in that it does not expire. In this study, we solve the optimal stopping problem of a perpetual American option (both call and put) in discrete time using linear programming duality. Under the assumption that the underlying stock price follows a discrete time and discrete state Markov process, namely a geometric random walk, we formulate the pricing problem as an infinite dimensional linear programming (LP) problem using the excessive-majorant property of the value function. This formulation allows us to solve complementary slackness conditions in closed-form, revealing an optimal stopping strategy which highlights the set of stock-prices where the option should be exercised. The analysis for the call option reveals that such a critical value exists only in some cases, depending on a combination of state-transition probabilities and the economic discount factor (i.e., the prevailing interest rate) whereas it ceases to be an issue for the put.

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