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      Associations between psychosis endophenotypes across brain functional, structural, and cognitive domains

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      Author(s)
      Blakey, R.
      Ranlund, S.
      Zartaloudi, E.
      Cahn, W.
      Calafato, S.
      Colizzi, M.
      Crespo-Facorro, B.
      Daniel, C.
      Díez-Revuelta, A.
      Forti, M. D.
      Iyegbe, C.
      Jablensky, A.
      Jones, R.
      Hall, M. -H.
      Kahn, R.
      Kalaydjieva, L.
      Kravariti, E.
      Lin, K.
      McDonald, C.
      McIntosh, A. M.
      Picchioni, M.
      Powell, J.
      Presman, A.
      Rujescu, D.
      Schulze, K.
      Shaikh, M.
      Thygesen, J. H.
      Toulopoulou, Timothea
      Haren, N. V.
      Os, J. V.
      Walshe, M.
      Murray, R. M.
      Bramon, E.
      Date
      2018
      Source Title
      Psychological Medicine
      Print ISSN
      0033-2917
      Electronic ISSN
      1469-8978
      Publisher
      Cambridge University Press
      Volume
      48
      Issue
      8
      Pages
      1325 - 1340
      Language
      English
      Type
      Article
      Item Usage Stats
      225
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      275
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      Abstract
      Background A range of endophenotypes characterise psychosis, however there has been limited work understanding if and how they are inter-related.Methods This multi-centre study includes 8754 participants: 2212 people with a psychotic disorder, 1487 unaffected relatives of probands, and 5055 healthy controls. We investigated cognition [digit span (N = 3127), block design (N = 5491), and the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (N = 3543)], electrophysiology [P300 amplitude and latency (N = 1102)], and neuroanatomy [lateral ventricular volume (N = 1721)]. We used linear regression to assess the interrelationships between endophenotypes.Results The P300 amplitude and latency were not associated (regression coef.-0.06, 95% CI-0.12 to 0.01, p = 0.060), and P300 amplitude was positively associated with block design (coef. 0.19, 95% CI 0.10-0.28, p < 0.001). There was no evidence of associations between lateral ventricular volume and the other measures (all p > 0.38). All the cognitive endophenotypes were associated with each other in the expected directions (all p < 0.001). Lastly, the relationships between pairs of endophenotypes were consistent in all three participant groups, differing for some of the cognitive pairings only in the strengths of the relationships.Conclusions The P300 amplitude and latency are independent endophenotypes; the former indexing spatial visualisation and working memory, and the latter is hypothesised to index basic processing speed. Individuals with psychotic illnesses, their unaffected relatives, and healthy controls all show similar patterns of associations between endophenotypes, endorsing the theory of a continuum of psychosis liability across the population.
      Keywords
      Lateral ventricular volume
      P300
      Schizophrenia
      Unaffected relatives
      Verbal memory
      Working memory
      Permalink
      http://hdl.handle.net/11693/49969
      Published Version (Please cite this version)
      https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291717002860
      Collections
      • Department of Psychology 216
      • National Magnetic Resonance Research Center (UMRAM) 250
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