Biological properties of extracellular vesicles and their physiological functions
Author(s)
Date
2015Source Title
Journal of Extracellular Vesicles
Print ISSN
2001-3078
Publisher
Taylor & Francis
Volume
4
Issue
1
Pages
1 - 60
Language
English
Type
ArticleItem Usage Stats
221
views
views
269
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downloads
Abstract
In the past decade, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been recognized as potent vehicles of intercellular communication, both in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. This is due to their capacity to transfer proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, thereby influencing various physiological and pathological functions of both recipient and parent cells.While intensive investigation has targeted the role of EVs in different pathological processes, for example, in cancer and autoimmune diseases, the EV-mediated maintenance of homeostasis and the regulation of physiological functions have remained less explored. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of the physiological roles of EVs, which has been written by crowd-sourcing, drawing on the unique EV expertise of academia-based scientists, clinicians and industry based in 27 European countries, the United States and Australia. This review is intended to be of relevance to both researchers already working on EV biology and to newcomers who will encounter this universal cell biological system. Therefore, here we address the molecular contents and functions of EVs in various tissues and body fluids from cell systems to organs. We also review the physiological mechanisms of EVs in bacteria, lower eukaryotes and plants to highlight the functional uniformity of this emerging communication system.
Keywords
EukaryoteExosome
Extracellular vesicle
Microparticle
Microvesicle
Physiology
Prokaryote
Cytokine
DNA
Lectin
Lipid
Membrane receptor
MicroRNA
Morphogen
RNA
Adaptive immunity
Amnion fluid
Antigen presenting cell
Bile
Biofilm
Biogenesis
Biology
Blood
Blood clotting
Body fluid
Bone mineralization
Breast milk
Cell communication
Cell function
Cell interaction
Cell selection
Cell transport
Cellular distribution
Cerebrospinal fluid
DNA content
Embryo development
Exosome
Feces
Human
Innate immunity
Liver metabolism
Lung lavage
Macrophage
Male genital system
Mast cell
Membrane vesicle
Mesenchymal stem cell
Microorganism
Molecular biology
Monocyte
Natural killer cell
Nervous system
Neutrophil
Nonhuman
Nose mucus
Plant
Pregnancy
Protein glycosylation
Protein processing
Proteomics
Reticulocyte
Review
RNA analysis
RNA transport
Saliva
Seminal plasma
Stress
Synovial fluid
T lymphocyte
Tissue repair
Urine
Uterus fluid
Vascular biology
Eukaryota
Prokaryota
Permalink
http://hdl.handle.net/11693/38337Published Version (Please cite this version)
http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/jev.v4.27066Collections
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