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      XPS-evidence for in-situ electrochemically-generated carbene formation

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      Embargo Lift Date: 2019-04-20
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      Author(s)
      Gokturk, A. P.
      Salzner, U.
      Nyulászi, L.
      Ulgut, B.
      Kocabas, C.
      Süzer, Şefik
      Date
      2017
      Source Title
      Electrochimica Acta
      Print ISSN
      0013-4686
      Publisher
      Elsevier Ltd.
      Volume
      234
      Pages
      37 - 42
      Language
      English
      Type
      Article
      Item Usage Stats
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      Abstract
      Stable N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHC) are a class of compounds that has attracted a huge amount of interest in the last decade. One way to prepare NHCs is through chemical or electrochemical reduction of 1,3-disubstituted imidazolium cations. We are presenting an in-situ electrochemical X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) study where electrochemically reduced imidazolium cations lead to production of stable NHC. The electroactive imidazolium species is not only the reactant, but also part of the ionic liquid which serves as the electrolyte, the medium and the electroactive material. This allows us to directly probe the difference between the parent imidazolium ion and the NHC through the use of XPS. The interpretation of the results is supported by both observation of reversible redox peaks in the voltammogram and the density functional theory calculations.
      Keywords
      Density functional theory
      Electrolytes
      Electrolytic reduction
      Ionic liquids
      Organic compounds
      Positive ions
      Electro actives
      Electroactive material
      Electrochemical reductions
      Imidazolium cation
      N-heterocyclic carbenes
      Redox peaks
      Voltammograms
      X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies
      X ray photoelectron spectroscopy
      Permalink
      http://hdl.handle.net/11693/37398
      Published Version (Please cite this version)
      http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2017.03.053
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      • Department of Chemistry 640
      • Department of Physics 2397
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