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      Lyotropic liquid-crystalline mesophase of lithium triflate-nonionic surfactant as gel electrolyte for graphene optical modulator

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      Author(s)
      Balci, F. M.
      Balci, S.
      Kocabas, C.
      Dag, Ö.
      Date
      2017
      Source Title
      Journal of Physical Chemistry C
      Print ISSN
      1932-7447
      Publisher
      American Chemical Society
      Volume
      121
      Issue
      21
      Pages
      11194 - 11200
      Language
      English
      Type
      Article
      Item Usage Stats
      181
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      130
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      Abstract
      Lithium salt (noncoordinating anions, such as lithium triflate (Ltf)) gel electrolytes may be key for the practical use of electrochemical devices. We introduce a new lyotropic liquid-crystalline (LLC) mesophase using Ltf, a small amount of water (as low as 1.3 water per Ltf), and nonionic surfactant (C18H37(OCH2CH2)10OH, C18E10). The LLC phase forms over a broad range of Ltf/C18E10 mole ratios, 2-18. The clear ethanol solution of the ingredients can be either directly spin-coated over a glass substrate to form a gel phase or it can be prepared as a gel by mixing Ltf, water, and C18E10. The mesophase leaches out surfactant molecules at low salt concentrations, but at a salt/surfactant mole ratio of above 8, the phase is homogeneous with a cubic mesostructure, fully transparent in the visible optical region, mechanically flexible, and an effective gel electrolyte. We have observed a large electrostatic doping on graphene with the Fermi energy level of ∼1.0 eV using Ltf-C18E10 gel electrolytes. The Ltf-based gels demonstrate better properties than commonly used ionic liquid electrolyte in graphene optical modulators. The stability of the new gel electrolytes and their superior performance make them suitable electrolytes for use in graphene-based optical modulators.
      Keywords
      Crystalline materials
      Electrolytes
      Graphene
      Ionic liquids
      Liquids
      Lithium
      Modulators
      Nonionic surfactants
      Optical signal processing
      Solid electrolytes
      Spin glass
      Substrates
      Surface active agents
      Electrochemical devices
      Electrostatic doping
      Ethanol solutions
      Glass substrates
      Ionic liquid electrolytes
      Low salt concentration
      Lyotropic liquid crystalline
      Surfactant molecules
      Light modulators
      Permalink
      http://hdl.handle.net/11693/37298
      Published Version (Please cite this version)
      http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b03622
      Collections
      • Department of Chemistry 640
      • Department of Physics 2397
      • Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology (UNAM) 1930
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