Influence of cigarette smoking on white matter in patients with clinically isolated syndrome as detected by diffusion tensor imaging
Date
2016Source Title
Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology
Print ISSN
1305-3825
Publisher
Turkish Society of Radiology
Volume
22
Issue
3
Pages
291 - 296
Language
English
Type
ArticleItem Usage Stats
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Abstract
PURPOSE Cigarette smoking has been associated with increased occurrence of multiple sclerosis (MS), as well as clinical disability and disease progression in MS. We aimed to assess the effects of smoking on the white matter (WM) in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) using diffusion tensor imaging. METHODS Smoker patients with CIS (n=16), smoker healthy controls (n=13), nonsmoker patients with CIS (n=17) and nonsmoker healthy controls (n=14) were included. Thirteen regions-of-interest including nonenhancing T1 hypointense lesion and perilesional WM, and 11 normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) regions were drawn on color-coded fractional anisotropy (FA) maps. Lesion load was determined in terms of number and volume of WM hyperintensities. RESULTS A tendency towards greater lesion load was found in smoker patients. T1 hypointense lesions and perilesional WM had reduced FA and increased mean diffusivity to a similar degree in smoker and nonsmoker CIS patients. Compared with healthy smokers, smoker CIS patients had more extensive NAWM changes shown by increased mean diffusivity. There was no relationship between diffusion metrics and clinical disability scores, duration of the disease and degree of smoking exposure. CONCLUSION Smoker patients showed a tendency towards having greater number of WM lesions and displayed significantly more extensive NAWM abnormalities. © Turkish Society of Radiology 2016.
Keywords
Demyelinating diseaseDiffusion tensor imaging
Expanded disability status scale
Fractional anisotropy
Image analysis
Image processing
Mean diffusivity
Normal appearing white matter
Perilesional white matter
Radiological parameters
Regions of interest
Smoking habit
T1 hypointense lesion
White matter