In this thesis, methods for optimization of internal magnetic resonance imaging coils have been developed. As a sample optimization endorectal coils were optimized. As the first step ultimate intrinsic signal-to-noise ratio for internal coils was formulated. This value was used as a measure of performance of the internal MRI coils. The related optimization problem was divided into two sub problems: length optimization and cross-sectional optimization. For the length optimization length of a single loop rectangular coil was optimized in order to obtain maximum intrinsic signal to noise ratio at the prostate region. For the cross-sectional optimization designs with different cross-sectional geometries were implemented and tested in saline solution phantom. The designs that gave a significant improvement over the conventional loop coil were favored and the related design ideas were used for the design of an optimized coil. Finally optimized coil was tested in a saline solution phantom model and its performance was calculated.