Intrinsic entanglement of photons
Author
Duru, Alper
Advisor
Shumovsky, Alexander S.
Date
2006Publisher
Bilkent University
Language
English
Type
ThesisItem Usage Stats
68
views
views
31
downloads
downloads
Abstract
Multipole radiation is treated both classically and also quantum mechanically.
Dipole atom as a source of radiation is investigated within the Jaynes-Cummings
model. Polarization properties of quantum multipole radiation are given. It is
shown that multipole photons have all three components of polarization but we
can perform a local transformation of radiation frame such that the new z− axis
corresponding to linear polarization becomes parallel to the Poynting vector. It
is shown that the spin angular momentum and orbital angular momentum have
the same operator structure, and in the far zone, they contribute equally to
the total angular momentum. Hence in this regime, these two contributions are
indistinguishable and they may differ from each other only by spatial dependence
in the very vicinity of the source. Another aspect of the behavior in the far zone
is that the longitudinal polarization of multipole photons vanish.
A variational approach to entanglement which is introduced recently based on
analysis of dynamic symmetry of systems and quantum uncertainties, accompanying
the measurement of mean value of basic observables is applied to investigate
the intrinsic entanglement of electric dipole photons. The basic observables are
defined in terms of an orthogonal basis of Lie Algebra, corresponding to the dynamic
symmetry group of the system of interest. It is shown that electric dipole
photons can carry entanglement with respect to its intrinsic degrees of freedom,
namely the spin angular momentum and orbital angular momentum, each of
which may be considered as a qubit.
Keywords
Quantum Optics,Quantum Multipole Radiation
Spin Angular Momentum
Orbital Angular Momentum
Quantum Entanglement