Dil devrimi’nin erken Cumhuriyet dönemi’nde şiir ve çeviri bağlamında Türk edebiyatı’na etkisi (1932-1950)
Author
Sert, Havva Hâle
Advisor
Kalpaklı, Mehmet
Date
2016-03Publisher
Bilkent University
Language
English
Type
ThesisItem Usage Stats
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Abstract
This study analyses the influence of language policies implemented in the early
Republican period on the Turkish literature in the context of poetry and translation. It
first looks at language change policy that started with the Alphabet Reform and
argues that its first impact was felt on displacement of semiotic associations of
metaphorical words in the Ottoman poetry. When the debates covered in the First
Turkish Language Congress Proceedings Records are analysed in the context of
literature, it can be seen that a link between language, thought, mentality and
civilization was established. Moreover, there was a determination to develop an
easily understandable literature by replacing the Ottoman (Divan) poetry and Arabic
and Persian originated words implying the old mentality and way of life with words
taken from the public language/folk literature. The thesis examines the poems
published in the leading newspapers of the era Cumhuriyet, Ulus and Akşam and the
journals Servetifünun, Ülkü and Varlık as part of a campaign that has been launched
after the 2nd Turkish Language Congress to write prose and poetry using “pure
Turkish” words / neologisms. The deputies, bureaucrats, journalists and men of
letters who wrote these poems were critically examined with Gramsci’s “organic
intellectual” concept in the sense that they were the founders and re-producers of the
language policy theory and had the ideal of making the people adopt “pure Turkish”.
The language policies of the İnönü era are followed through the Tercüme journals
published by the Translation Bureau (Tercüme Bürosu). The study presents its
findings about the impact of the Language Reforms on the literature respectively in
the 1940s and 1950s as follows: “New” and “old” words were used together in the
translations and the sentence structure of the Western languages were tried to be
adapted to this language. Fazıl Hüsnü Dağlarca, Ahmet Muhip Dıranas and Oktay
Rifat replaced the “old” words they used in their poems in the 1930s with “new”
words in the 1950s and beyond.
Keywords
Alphabet reformLanguage reform
Gramsci, “organic intellectual”
Tercüme journal
Poetry
Translation