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      Nicotine coregulates multiple pathways involved in protein modification/degradation in rat brain

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      Author
      Kane, J. K.
      Konu, Özlem
      Ma, J. Z.
      Li, M. D.
      Date
      2004
      Source Title
      Molecular Brain Research
      Print ISSN
      0169-328X
      Publisher
      Elsevier
      Volume
      132
      Issue
      2
      Pages
      181 - 191
      Language
      English
      Type
      Conference Paper
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      Abstract
      Previously, we used cDNA microarrays to demonstrate that the phosphatidylinositol and MAP kinase signaling pathways are regulated by nicotine in different rat brain regions. In the present report, we show that, after exposure to nicotine for 14 days, ubiquitin, ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, 20S and 19S proteasomal subunits, and chaperonin-containing TCP-1 protein (CCT) complex members are upregulated in rat prefrontal cortex (PFC) while being downregulated in the medial basal hypothalamus (MBH). In particular, relative to saline controls, ubiquitins B and C were upregulated by 33% and 47% (P<0.01), respectively, in the PFC. The proteasome beta subunit 1 (PSMB1) and 26S ATPase 3 (PSMC3) genes were upregulated in the PFC by 95% and 119% (P<0.001), respectively. In addition to the protein degradation pathway of the ubiquitin-proteasome complexes, we observed in the PFC an increase in the expression of small, ubiquitin-related modifiers (SUMO) 1 and 2 by 80% and 33%, respectively (P<0.001), and in 3 of 6 CCT subunits by up to 150% (P<0.0001). To a lesser extent, a change in the opposite direction was obtained in the expression of the same gene families in the MBH. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR was used to validate the microarray results obtained with some representative genes involved in these pathways. Taken together, our results suggest that, in response to systemic nicotine administration, the ubiquitin-proteasome, SUMO, and chaperonin complexes provide an intricate control mechanism to maintain cellular homeostasis, possibly by regulating the composition and signaling of target neurons in a region-specific manner.
      Keywords
      cDNA microarrays
      Nicotine
      Proteasomes
      Real-time RT-PCR
      Ubiquitin
      Prefrontal cortex
      Hypothalamus
      Ubiquitin conjugating enzyme
      Neurotransmission
      Nucleotide sequence
      Protein modification
      Quantitative analysis
      Nicotinic agonists
      Oligonucleotide array sequence analysis
      Proteasome endopeptidase complex
      Permalink
      http://hdl.handle.net/11693/27400
      Published Version (Please cite this version)
      http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molbrainres.2004.09.010
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