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      Effect of milling time on the structure, micro-hardness, and thermal behavior of amorphous/nanocrystalline TiNiCu shape memory alloys developed by mechanical alloying

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      Author(s)
      Alijani F.
      Amini, R.
      Ghaffari, M.
      Alizadeh, M.
      Okyay, Ali Kemal
      Date
      2014
      Source Title
      Materials and Design
      Print ISSN
      0261-3069
      Publisher
      Elsevier Ltd
      Volume
      55
      Pages
      373 - 380
      Language
      English
      Type
      Article
      Item Usage Stats
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      265
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      Abstract
      In the present paper, the effect of milling process on the chemical composition, structure, microhardness, and thermal behavior of Ti-41Ni-9Cu compounds developed by mechanical alloying was evaluated. The structural characteristic of the alloyed powders was evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The chemical composition homogeneity and the powder morphology and size were studied by scanning electron microscopy coupled with electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Moreover, the Vickers micro-indentation hardness of the powders milled for different milling times was determined. Finally, the thermal behavior of the as-milled powders was studied by differential scanning calorimetery. According to the results, at the initial stages of milling (typically 0-12. h), the structure consisted of a Ni solid solution and amorphous phase, and by the milling evolution, nanocrystalline martensite (B19') and austenite (B2) phases were initially formed from the initial materials and then from the amorphous phase. It was found that by the milling development, the composition uniformity is increased, the inter-layer thickness is reduced, and the powders microhardness is initially increased, then reduced, and afterward re-increased. It was also realized that the thermal behavior of the alloyed powders and the structure of heat treated samples is considerably affected by the milling time.
      Keywords
      Crystal structure
      Crystallization
      Mechanical alloying
      Micro-hardness
      Microstructure
      TiNiCu shape memory alloys
      Amorphous materials
      Crystal structure
      Crystallization
      Differential scanning calorimetry
      Mechanical alloying
      Microhardness
      Microstructure
      Nanocrystalline materials
      Nickel
      Powders
      Scanning electron microscopy
      Shape memory effect
      X ray diffraction
      X ray powder diffraction
      X ray spectroscopy
      As-milled powders
      Chemical compositions
      Micro-indentation hardness
      Nanocrystallines
      Powder morphology
      Structural characteristics
      Thermal behaviors
      TiNiCu shape memory alloys
      Milling (machining)
      Permalink
      http://hdl.handle.net/11693/26411
      Published Version (Please cite this version)
      http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2013.09.009
      Collections
      • Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering 3868
      • Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology (UNAM) 2098
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