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      Frequency responses of ground-penetrating radars operating over highly lossy grounds

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      Author(s)
      Oğuz, U.
      Gürel, Levent
      Date
      2002
      Source Title
      IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
      Print ISSN
      0196-2892
      Publisher
      IEEE
      Volume
      40
      Issue
      6
      Pages
      1385 - 1394
      Language
      English
      Type
      Article
      Item Usage Stats
      209
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      233
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      Abstract
      The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is used to investigate the effects of highly lossy grounds and the frequency-band selection on ground-penetrating-radar (GPR) signals. The ground is modeled as a heterogeneous half space with arbitrary background permittivity and conductivity. The heterogeneities encompass both embedded scatterers and surface holes, which model the surface roughness. The decay of the waves in relation to the conductivity of the ground is demonstrated. The detectability of the buried targets is investigated with respect to the operating frequency of the GPR, the background conductivity of the ground, the density of the conducting inhomogeneities in the ground, and the surface roughness. The GPR is modeled as transmitting and receiving antennas isolated by conducting shields, whose inner walls are coated with absorbers simulated by perfectly matched layers (PML). The feed of the transmitter is modeled by a single-cell dipole with constant current density in its volume. The time variation of the current density is selected as a smooth pulse with arbitrary center frequency, which is referred to as the operating frequency of the GPR.
      Keywords
      Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method
      Ground conductivity
      Ground-penetrating radar (GPR)
      Perfectly matched layer (PML)
      Computer simulation
      Current density
      Electric conductivity
      Finite difference method
      Frequency response
      Mathematical models
      Natural frequencies
      Permittivity
      Receiving antennas
      Surface roughness
      Time domain analysis
      Transmitters
      Absorbing boundary conditions
      Buried targets
      Embedded scatterers
      Frequency band selection
      Heterogeneous half space
      Lossy grounds
      Perfectly matched layer
      Single cell dipole
      Surface holes
      Ground penetrating radar systems
      Permalink
      http://hdl.handle.net/11693/24701
      Published Version (Please cite this version)
      http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2002.800437
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      • Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering 4011
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