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      Emergency crowd simulation for outdoor environments

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      Author
      Oğuz, O.
      Akaydın, A.
      Yilmaz, T.
      Güdükbay, Uğur
      Date
      2010
      Source Title
      Computers & Graphics: an international journal of systems & applications in computer graphics
      Print ISSN
      0097-8493
      Publisher
      Pergamon Press
      Volume
      34
      Issue
      2
      Pages
      136 - 144
      Language
      English
      Type
      Article
      Item Usage Stats
      113
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      134
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      Abstract
      We simulate virtual crowds in emergency situations caused by an incident, such as a fire, an explosion, or a terrorist attack. We use a continuum dynamics-based approach to simulate the escaping crowd, which produces more efficient simulations than the agent-based approaches. Only the close proximity of the incident region, which includes the crowd affected by the incident, is simulated. We use a model-based rendering approach where a polygonal mesh is rendered for each agent according to the agent's skeletal motion. To speed up the animation and visualization, we employ an offline occlusion culling technique. We animate and render a pedestrian model only if it is visible according to the static visibility information computed. In the pre-processing stage, the navigable area is decomposed into a grid of cells and the from-region visibility of these cells is computed with the help of hardware occlusion queries. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
      Keywords
      Crowd simulation
      Emergency
      Occlusion culling
      Outdoor environments
      Agent - based approach
      Close proximity
      Continuum dynamics
      Efficient simulation
      Emergency situation
      Grid of cells
      Model - based rendering
      Pedestrian models
      Polygonal meshes
      Pre - processing
      Speed - ups
      Terrorist attacks
      Animation
      Visibility
      Time varying systems
      Permalink
      http://hdl.handle.net/11693/22380
      Published Version (Please cite this version)
      http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2009.12.004
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