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      Impurity coupled to an artificial magnetic field in a Fermi gas in a ring trap

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      Author
      Ünal, F. N.
      Hetényi, B.
      Oktel, M. Ö.
      Date
      2015
      Source Title
      Physical Review A
      Print ISSN
      2469-9926
      Electronic ISSN
      2469-9934
      Publisher
      American Physical Society
      Volume
      91
      Issue
      5
      Pages
      053625-1 - 053625-11
      Language
      English
      Type
      Article
      Item Usage Stats
      120
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      86
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      Abstract
      The dynamics of a single impurity interacting with a many-particle background is one of the central problems of condensed-matter physics. Recent progress in ultracold-atom experiments makes it possible to control this dynamics by coupling an artificial gauge field specifically to the impurity. In this paper, we consider a narrow toroidal trap in which a Fermi gas is interacting with a single atom. We show that an external magnetic field coupled to the impurity is a versatile tool to probe the impurity dynamics. Using a Bethe ansatz, we calculate the eigenstates and corresponding energies exactly as a function of the flux through the trap. Adiabatic change of flux connects the ground state to excited states due to flux quantization. For repulsive interactions, the impurity disturbs the Fermi sea by dragging the fermions whose momentum matches the flux. This drag transfers momentum from the impurity to the background and increases the effective mass. The effective mass saturates to the total mass of the system for infinitely repulsive interactions. For attractive interactions, the drag again increases the effective mass which quickly saturates to twice the mass of a single particle as a dimer of the impurity and one fermion is formed. For excited states with momentum comparable to number of particles, effective mass shows a resonant behavior. We argue that standard tools in cold-atom experiments can be used to test these predictions.
      Keywords
      Atoms
      Condensed matter physics
      Drag
      Dynamics
      Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions
      Electron gas
      Excited states
      Ground state
      Magnetic fields
      Momentum
      Adiabatic changes
      Attractive interactions
      Central problems
      External magnetic field
      Recent progress
      Repulsive interactions
      Resonant behavior
      Ultracold atoms
      Fermions
      Permalink
      http://hdl.handle.net/11693/21914
      Published Version (Please cite this version)
      http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.91.053625
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