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      Synthesis of polybenzoxazine/clay nanocomposites by in situ thermal ring-opening polymerization using intercalated monomer

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      Author
      Demir, K.D.
      Tasdelen, M.A.
      Uyar, T.
      Kawaguchi, A.W.
      Sudo, A.
      Endo, T.
      Yagci, Y.
      Date
      2011
      Source Title
      Journal of Polymer Science, Part A: Polymer Chemistry
      Print ISSN
      0887624X
      Volume
      49
      Issue
      19
      Pages
      4213 - 4220
      Language
      English
      Type
      Article
      Item Usage Stats
      161
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      160
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      Abstract
      A new class of polybenzoxazine/montmorillonite (PBz/MMT) nanocomposites has been prepared by the in situ polymerization of the typical fluid benzoxazine monomer, 3-pentyl-5-ol-3,4-dihydro-1,3-benzoxazine, with intercalated benzoxazine MMT clay. A pyridine-substituted benzoxazine was first synthesized and quaternized by 11-bromo-1-undecanol and then used for ion exchange reaction with sodium ions in MMT to obtain intercalated benzoxazine clay. Finally, this organomodified clay was dispersed in the fluid benzoxazine monomers at different loading degrees to conduct the in situ thermal ring-opening polymerization. Polymerization through the interlayer galleries of the clay led to the PBz/MMT nanocomposite formation. The morphologies of the nanocomposites were investigated by both X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopic techniques, which suggested the partially exfoliated/intercalated structures in the PBz matrix. Results of thermogravimetric analysis confirmed that the thermal stability and char yield of PBz nanocomposites increased with the increase of clay content. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
      Keywords
      benzoxazine resins
      clay
      high performance polymers
      in situ polymerization
      nanocomposites
      polybenzoxazines
      thermosets
      Benzoxazine
      Benzoxazine monomers
      Benzoxazine resin
      Char yield
      Clay content
      High performance polymer
      in situ polymerization
      In-situ
      Intercalated monomers
      Ion exchange reactions
      matrix
      Microscopic techniques
      Nanocomposite formations
      Organomodified clay
      Polybenzoxazine
      polybenzoxazines
      Sodium ions
      Transmission electron
      Ion exchange
      Metal ions
      Monomers
      Nanocomposites
      Polymers
      Synthesis (chemical)
      Thermogravimetric analysis
      Thermosets
      X ray diffraction
      X ray diffraction analysis
      Ring opening polymerization
      Permalink
      http://hdl.handle.net/11693/21756
      Published Version (Please cite this version)
      http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.24863
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      • Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology (UNAM) 1775
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