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      Contextualism as an important facet of individualism-collectivism: personhood beliefs across 37 national groups

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      Author(s)
      Owe, E.
      Vignoles, V. L.
      Becker, M.
      Brown, R.
      Smith, P .B.
      Lee, S. W. S.
      Easterbrook, M.
      Gadre, T.
      Zhang X.
      Gheorghiu, M.
      Baguma, P.
      Tatarko, A.
      Aldhafri, S.
      Zinkeng, M.
      Schwartz, S. J.
      Des Rosiers, S. E.
      Villamar, J. A.
      Mekonnen, K. H.
      Regalia, C.
      Manzi, C.
      Brambilla, M.
      Kusdil, E.
      Çağlar, S.
      Gavreliuc, A.
      Martin, M.
      Jianxin, Z.
      Lv, S.
      Fischer, R.
      Milfont, T. L.
      Torres, A.
      Camino, L.
      Kreuzbauer, R.
      Gausel, N.
      Buitendach, J. H.
      Lemos, F. C. S.
      Fritsche, I.
      Möller, B.
      Harb, C.
      Valk, A.
      Espinosa, A.
      Jaafar, J. L.
      Yuki, M.
      Ferreira, M. C.
      Chobthamkit, P.
      Fülöp, M.
      Chybicka, A.
      Wang, Q.
      Bond, M. H.
      González, R.
      Didier, N.
      Carrasco, D.
      Cadena, M. P.
      Lay, S.
      Gardarsdóttir, R. B.
      Nizharadze, G.
      Pyszczynski, T.
      Kesebir, P.
      Herman, G.
      Sauvage, Isabelle de
      Courtois, M.
      Bourguignon, D.
      Özgen, E.
      Güner Ü. E.
      Yamakoğlu, N.
      Abuhamdeh, S.
      Mogaji, A.
      Macapagal, M. E. J.
      Koller, S. H.
      Amponsah, B.
      Misra, G.
      Kapur, P.
      Trujillo, E. V.
      Balanta, P.
      Ayala, B. C.
      Gallo, I. S.
      Gil, P. P.
      Clemares, R. L.
      Campara, G.
      Jalal, B.
      Date
      2013
      Source Title
      Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology
      Print ISSN
      0022-0221
      Publisher
      Sage Publications, Inc.
      Volume
      44
      Issue
      1
      Pages
      24 - 45
      Language
      English
      Type
      Article
      Item Usage Stats
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      224
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      Abstract
      Beliefs about personhood are understood to be a defining feature of individualism-collectivism (I-C), but they have been insufficiently explored, given the emphasis of research on values and self-construals. We propose the construct of contextualism, referring to beliefs about the importance of context in understanding people, as a facet of cultural collectivism. A brief measure was developed and refined across 19 nations (Study 1: N = 5,241), showing good psychometric properties for cross-cultural use and correlating well at the nation level with other supposed facets and indicators of I-C. In Study 2 (N = 8,652), nation-level contextualism predicted ingroup favoritism, corruption, and differential trust of ingroup and outgroup members, while controlling for other facets of I-C, across 35 nations. We conclude that contextualism is an important part of cultural collectivism. This highlights the importance of beliefs alongside values and self-representations and contributes to a wider understanding of cultural processes. © The Author(s) 2013.
      Keywords
      Cross-cultural differences
      Individualism-collectivism
      Measurement invariance
      Personhood beliefs
      Permalink
      http://hdl.handle.net/11693/21142
      Published Version (Please cite this version)
      https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022111430255
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      • Department of Psychology 191
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