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      Atom-specific forces and defect identification on surface-oxidized Cu ( 100 ) with combined 3D-AFM and STM measurements

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      Author
      Baykara, M. Z.
      Todorović, M.
      Mönig, H.
      Schwendemann, T. C.
      Ünverdi, Ö.
      Rodrigo, L.
      Altman, E. I.
      Pérez, R.
      Schwarz, U. D.
      Date
      2013
      Source Title
      Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics
      Print ISSN
      1098-0121
      Publisher
      American Physical Society
      Volume
      87
      Issue
      15
      Language
      English
      Type
      Article
      Item Usage Stats
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      Abstract
      The influence of defects on the local structural, electronic, and chemical properties of a surface oxide on Cu(100) were investigated using atomic resolution three-dimensional force mapping combined with tunneling current measurements and ab initio density functional theory. Results reveal that the maximum attractive force between tip and sample occurs above the oxygen atoms; theory indicates that the tip, in this case, terminates in a Cu atom. Meanwhile, simultaneously acquired tunneling current images emphasize the positions of Cu atoms, thereby, providing species-selective contrast in the two complementary data channels. One immediate outcome is that defects due to the displacement of surface copper are exposed in the current maps, even though force maps only reflect a well-ordered oxygen sublattice. The exact nature of the defects is confirmed by the simulations, which also reveal that the arrangement of the oxygen atoms is not disrupted by the copper displacement. In addition, the experimental force maps uncover a position-dependent modulation of the attractive forces between the surface oxygen and the copper-terminated tips, which is found to reflect the surface's inhomogeneous chemical and structural environment. As a consequence, the demonstrated method has the potential to directly probe how defects affect surface chemical interactions. © 2013 American Physical Society.
      Keywords
      31.15.A−
      68.37.Ps
      68.35.Dv
      68.47.Gh
      Permalink
      http://hdl.handle.net/11693/21012
      Published Version (Please cite this version)
      http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.87.155414
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      • Department of Mechanical Engineering 254
      • Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology (UNAM) 1775
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