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      Broadband quarter-wave plates at near-infrared using high-contrast gratings

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      Author
      Mutlu, M.
      Akosman, A.E.
      Kurt G.
      Gokkavas, M.
      Özbay, Ekmel
      Date
      2013
      Source Title
      Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
      Print ISSN
      0277786X
      Volume
      8633
      Language
      English
      Type
      Article
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      Abstract
      In this paper, we report the theoretical and experimental possibility of achieving a quarter-wave plate regime by using high-contrast gratings, which are binary, vertical, periodic, near-wavelength, and two-dimensional high refractive index gratings. Here, we investigate the characteristics of two distinct designs, the first one being composed of silicon-dioxide and silicon, and the second one being composed of silicon and sapphire. The suggested quarter-wave plate regime is achieved by the simultaneous optimization of the transverse electric and transverse magnetic transmission coefficients, TTE and TTM, respectively, and the phase difference between these transmission coefficients, such that |TTM| ≅ |TTE| and \TTM - \TTE ≅ -/2. As a result, a unity circular polarization conversion efficiency is achieved atλ0 = 1.55 μm for both designs. For the first design, we show the obtaining of unity conversion efficiency by using a theoretical approach, which is inspired by the periodic waveguide interpretation, and rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA). For the second design, we demonstrate the unity conversion efficiency by using the results of finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations. Furthermore, the FDTD simulations, where material dispersion is taken into account, suggest that an operation percent bandwidth of 51% can be achieved for the first design, where the experimental results for the second design yield a bandwidth of 33%. In this context, we define the operation regime as the wavelength band for which the circular conversion efficiency is larger than 0.9. © 2013 SPIE.
      Keywords
      High-contrast grating
      Periodic slab waveguide
      Polarization
      Quarter-wave plate
      Finite-difference time-domain simulation
      High-contrast gratings
      Quarter wave-plate
      Rigorous coupled wave analysis
      Simultaneous optimization
      Slab waveguides
      Theoretical and experimental
      Transmission coefficients
      Bandwidth
      Conversion efficiency
      Design
      Diffraction gratings
      Finite difference time domain method
      Polarization
      Refractive index
      Sapphire
      Silicon
      Truck trailers
      Light polarization
      Permalink
      http://hdl.handle.net/11693/20936
      Published Version (Please cite this version)
      http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2009347
      Collections
      • Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering 3524
      • Department of Physics 2299
      • Nanotechnology Research Center (NANOTAM) 1006
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