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      Microcantilever based disposable viscosity sensor for serum and blood plasma measurements

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      Author
      Cakmak O.
      Elbuken, C.
      Ermek, E.
      Mostafazadeh, A.
      Baris I.
      Erdem Alaca, B.
      Kavakli I.H.
      Urey H.
      Date
      2013
      Source Title
      Methods
      Print ISSN
      10462023
      Volume
      63
      Issue
      3
      Pages
      225 - 232
      Language
      English
      Type
      Article
      Item Usage Stats
      128
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      224
      downloads
      Abstract
      This paper proposes a novel method for measuring blood plasma and serum viscosity with a microcantilever-based MEMS sensor. MEMS cantilevers are made of electroplated nickel and actuated remotely with magnetic field using an electro-coil. Real-time monitoring of cantilever resonant frequency is performed remotely using diffraction gratings fabricated at the tip of the dynamic cantilevers. Only few nanometer cantilever deflection is sufficient due to interferometric sensitivity of the readout. The resonant frequency of the cantilever is tracked with a phase lock loop (PLL) control circuit. The viscosities of liquid samples are obtained through the measurement of the cantilever's frequency change with respect to a reference measurement taken within a liquid of known viscosity. We performed measurements with glycerol solutions at different temperatures and validated the repeatability of the system by comparing with a reference commercial viscometer. Experimental results are compared with the theoretical predictions based on Sader's theory and agreed reasonably well. Afterwards viscosities of different Fetal Bovine Serum and Bovine Serum Albumin mixtures are measured both at 23. °C and 37. °C, body temperature. Finally the viscosities of human blood plasma samples taken from healthy donors are measured. The proposed method is capable of measuring viscosities from 0.86. cP to 3.02. cP, which covers human blood plasma viscosity range, with a resolution better than 0.04. cP. The sample volume requirement is less than 150. μl and can be reduced significantly with optimized cartridge design. Both the actuation and sensing are carried out remotely, which allows for disposable sensor cartridges. © 2013 .
      Keywords
      Blood
      Blood Plasma
      Cantilever
      Magnetic actuation
      MEMS
      Microcantilever
      Serum
      Viscosity
      bovine serum albumin
      glycerol
      article
      blood sampling
      body temperature
      controlled study
      disposable equipment
      dynamics
      human
      magnetic field
      plasma viscosity
      priority journal
      sensor
      viscometer
      viscometry
      Bovinae
      Blood
      Blood Plasma
      Cantilever
      Magnetic actuation
      MEMS
      Microcantilever
      Serum
      Viscosity
      Animals
      Biosensing Techniques
      Blood Viscosity
      Cattle
      Humans
      Plasma
      Serum
      Permalink
      http://hdl.handle.net/11693/20776
      Published Version (Please cite this version)
      http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymeth.2013.07.009
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      • Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology (UNAM) 1831
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