Browsing by Subject "schizophrenia"
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Item Open Access From space to cyberspace: a review of the current literature on the emerging cyberspace culture and the ways it affects the human identity, experience and interaction(Bilkent University, 2000) Arda, ZeynepThis work aims at describing the changing conditions for the human subject due to technology and more recently due to the information technology. Exploring the changing perceptions of self in the urban space and in cyberspace, the previously closed self, opens out losing its borders and merges with the milieu. Many authors define this alteration as a disorder, in literature a schizophrenic subject is brought about concerning the erasure of the boundaries that keep the identity distinct. Hence, today the human subject stands in a transition, in the middle of a journey that leads from space to cyberspace, from order to disorder, or from paranoia to schizophrenia; however from time to time departure becomes the destination again and again.Item Open Access Perisylvian GABA levels in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2017) Atagün, M. İ.; Şıkoglu, M. E.; Soykan, Ç.; Can, S. S.; Ulusoy-Kaymak S.; Çayköylü, A.; Algın O.; Phillips, M. L.; Öngür, D.; Moore, C. M.The aim of this study is to measure GABA levels of perisylvian cortices in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder patients, using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). Patients with schizophrenia (n = 25), bipolar I disorder (BD-I; n = 28) and bipolar II disorder (BD-II; n = 20) were compared with healthy controls (n = 30).1H-MRS data was acquired using a Siemens 3 T whole body scanner to quantify right and left perisylvian structures’ (including superior temporal lobes) GABA levels. Right perisylvian GABA values differed significantly between groups [χ2= 9.62, df: 3, p = 0.022]. GABA levels were significantly higher in the schizophrenia group compared with the healthy control group (p = 0.002). Furthermore, Chlorpromazine equivalent doses of antipsychotics correlated with right hemisphere GABA levels (r2= 0.68, p = 0.006, n = 33). GABA levels are elevated in the right hemisphere in patients with schizophrenia in comparison to bipolar disorder and healthy controls. The balance between excitatory and inhibitory controls over the cortical circuits may have direct relationship with GABAergic functions in auditory cortices. In addition, GABA levels may be altered by brain regions of interest, psychotropic medications, and clinical stage in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. � 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd