Browsing by Subject "Virtual environment"
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Item Open Access Camera-based virtual environment interaction on mobile devices(Springer, 2006-11) Çapin, Tolga; Haro, A.; Setlur, V.; Wilkinson, S.Mobile virtual environments, with real-time 3D and 2D graphics, are now possible on smart phone and other camera-enabled devices. Using computer vision, the camera sensor can be treated as an input modality in applications by analyzing the incoming live video. We present our tracking algorithm and several mobile virtual environment and gaming prototypes including: a 3D first person shooter, a 2D puzzle game and a simple action game. Camera-based interaction provides a user experience that is not possible through traditional means, and maximizes the use of the limited display size. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006.Item Open Access A comparative study on spatial perception in real and virtual office environments under different lighting conditions(Bilkent University, 2019-01) Kuş, BüşraThe aim of study iş to conduct a comparison between real and virtual environments from the spatial point of view under different lighting conditions. In this study, visually same office environments were created in real environment (RE) as well as in virtual environments (VE) in order to be able to observe only the perception between the two environments. The experiment was conducted in full-scale office environment and virtual environment by using Unity 3D program with participating of sixty people. These environments were appraised under 4000K (cool white light) and 6500K (daylight) lighting color temperatures. An office room in Bilkent University and Environmental Design building was used to carry out the experiments. The participants were asked to experience the environments firstly, later on they were as requested to answer the previously prepared questionnaire with semantic differential scale. As a result of this study one can say that the perceptions of both environments RE and VE were similar to some extend in more than half of the 12 adjective pairs under both color temperature. Adjectives such as usual-unusual, dynamic-static, spacious-confined and harmonious-discord demonstrated significant differences for both environments. Moreover, participants perceived real environment more spacious, usual, harmonious and less dynamic than virtual environment under both lighting conditions. Only the functional-nonfunctional and formal-informal adjective pairs behaved significantly different under 4000K and 6500K respectively. There were no significant effects of color temperatures in real and virtual environments.Item Open Access The concept of beauty in art(Elsevier, 2022-01-01) Turan, Fulya; Vargel, İ.; Özgür, F. F.Before the invention of the camera, it was only possible to document beauty through art. For centuries, art and beauty were inseparable. Different meanings were attributed to the “beautiful” in history. Sometimes noble simplicity and calm sublimity were accepted as beauty; sometimes moral beauty was at the forefront. Among the beauties, a special place and importance was given to female beauty in the history of art. The untouched, desired, hopelessly loved woman of the Middle Ages later became the main subject of a painting genre. Nudes, which were first made for religious reasons such as to depict a specific scene from the bible, later diversified under the subject of Venus. The female body has become the object of sensual consumption. In addition to female beauty, the beauty of nature has always been among the subjects of art. Art imitated nature for a while because it was beautiful. It was the background to which man was exposed during his natural evolution. The proportions of nature were good for people, they were found beautiful. Nature, which was previously handled only with a style based on imitation, was handled with an abstract expression in time, thanks to the avant-garde artists of the 20th century. It was a period in which different styles of expression were tried. Modernism, where wisdom, beauty, and refinement were sought, was for an elite audience who idealized nature. It left its place to postmodernism in which sensual stimulation was sought rather than an intellectual admiration, which is for mass media and where craftsmanship is idealized. The individual of the 21st century consumer society, who is passionately attracted to the beauty of their own image that is presented to the gaze of others on social media, resembles the nobles of the Renaissance period, when the charm of the wealth obtained through overseas trade was depicted with a similar passion.Item Open Access Effect of color on memory through signage systems in train stations(Bilkent University, 2020-09) Doğan, Ezgi MemnuneIn complex buildings, it is important to remember the color of information while finding the way with correct identifications. The purpose of the study is to understand the relationship between misleading information and color with the wayfinding process in train stations to compare different colors in terms of recognition. Recognition of color is tested according to false memory studies with misinformation paradigm. The experiment was conducted with six different colors; orange, magenta, turquoise, purple, white, and black. The participants were a total of ninety people of various ages and professions. The study was conducted in two phases. Firstly, they answered questions about the viewing conditions of their devices (smartphones, pad, laptop, and desktop). Secondly, they watched the first and the second videos that consisted of different sign colors in a virtual train station and answered questions that included images of the signage. It was found that there was no difference between different colors on remembering the sign color, misleading information, color scheme, location of the signage, color order, and color pairing. The colors included in the study were remembered in all considerations. The findings of the experiment can guide architects, interior architects and graphic designers who may be interested in sign design.Item Open Access The effects of correlated colour temperature on wayfinding performance and emotional reactions(John Benjamins Publishing, 2018) Süzer, Özge K.; Olguntürk, Nilgün; MacDonald, L.; Biggam, C. P.; Paramei, G. V.This study investigated travellers’ wayfinding performance according to the correlated colour temperature (CCT) of lighting in a virtual airport environment. In the first phase an experiment was conducted under 3000K (yellowish-white) and 12000K (bluish-white) light. Universal face representations of basic emotions (anger, disgust, neutral, surprise, happiness, fear, sadness) were shown to participants and they were asked to choose a single face. In the second phase, two questionnaires were conducted to identify participants’ level of presence in the virtual environment. Females were significantly more lacking in confidence than males in finding their destination, hesitating more often. The results indicated that participants’ wayfinding performance was better under 12000K, which they also associated with more positive emotion.Item Open Access The effects of correlated colour temperature on wayfinding: a study in a virtual airport environment(Elsevier, 2018) Kumoğlu-Süzer, Özge; Olguntürk, Nilgün; Güvenç, DilekThis study was designed to explore the effects of lighting's correlated colour temperature (CCT) on wayfinding performance in airports and to compare different CCTs to understand their effects on wayfinding performance. The experiment was conducted in a single phase with the participation of three different groups of university students who experienced the virtual airport environment in three different lighting settings: 3000 K, 6500 K and 12,000 K. The participants were asked to direct the researcher from the starting point to the final destination. It was found that CCT has no significant effect on wayfinding performance in terms of time spent, total number of errors, total number of decision points or route choice. However, CCT does have a significant effect on hesitation; the number of hesitations decreased when CCT increased from 3000 K to 12,000 K. Gender difference was also explored regarding hesitations in this study.Item Open Access Exploring staircases as architectural cues in virtual vertical navigation(Elsevier, 2020) Memikoğlu, İ.; Demirkan, HalimeArchitectural design requires experiencing the spatial organization of a building, discovering architectural cues and maintaining spatial orientation during navigation. Architects configure architectural cues in the initial phase of the design process. Staircases, as a feature of local architectural cues that provide access to the other floors in a multi-level building, can have an impact on vertical navigation and aid individuals during navigation and influence their spatial orientation. This study focuses on the issue of vertical navigation during virtual navigation by integrating the individual differences and the geometric attributes of a staircase pair within two different multi-level desktop virtual environments (VEs). The angle between the cue pairs with respect to the same observation point is altered in order to determine the staircase pair that is more efficient in navigation. Virtual vertical navigation is based on an egocentric frame of reference where the participants have control of their movements. Circulation paths, gender differences, navigational abilities and cue pairs are the factors that affect staircase preferences for ascending and descending. For the VE with a 180° difference between the cue pairs, a relationship was found between the ascending and descending staircases. Further analysis indicated that the staircase preference in ascending was either related to the first or last visited rooms on the ground floor. For the VE with a 90° difference between the cue pairs, no relationship was found between the ascending and descending staircases as well as with any other factor. There was only a significant relationship between gender and staircase preference in descending staircases with 180° difference between the cue pairs in favor of females. In addition, there was no significant relationship between the navigational abilities and staircase preferences.