Browsing by Subject "Urban areas"
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Item Open Access Mining of remote sensing image archives using spatial relationship histograms(IEEE, 2008-07) Kalaycılar, Fırat; Kale, Aslı; Zamalieva, Daniya; Aksoy, SelimWe describe a new image representation using spatial relationship histograms that extend our earlier work on modeling image content using attributed relational graphs. These histograms are constructed by classifying the regions in an image, computing the topological and distance-based spatial relationships between these regions, and counting the number of times different groups of regions are observed in the image. We also describe a selection algorithm that produces very compact representations by identifying the distinguishing region groups that are frequently found in a particular class of scenes but rarely exist in others. Experiments using Ikonos scenes illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed representation in retrieval of images containing complex types of scenes such as dense and sparse urban areas. © 2008 IEEE.Item Open Access Slang and gender(2006) Kocaer, S.Unlike sex, gender contains thought and behaviours which are imposed by culture. But, generally, people are aware of sex; they interpret the characteristics which are regarded as part of man and woman as a feature of sex. The usage of slang and swearword is also generally identified with sex. The common belief in today's urban areas is that the usage of slang and swearword by women is not appropriate, because, slang and swearwords belong to men's world. But, recently, especially in big cities like İstanbul, Ankara, where there is much cultural interaction, it is observed that "educated" young women use slang as a common part of their speeches. In this paper, the change in speech of youth of today's urban areas will be discussed. While in the past, the usage of slang and swearword by women has not been accepted, today, despite the rapid rise in education level, the usage of slang and swearword is increasing among some young women. This paper is questioning the reasons under this change.