Browsing by Subject "Preferences"
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Item Open Access Color preferences in terms of value and chroma in university students’ dormitory rooms(Bilkent University, 2022-06) Koz, SerraEnvironments are considered as interior and exterior, both of which color is a vital part. The existing preferences studies mainly focus on hue and not enough on value and chroma which of three is the perceptual variables of color. Value has shown to be a more prominent factor in affecting color preferences than hue. The main goal of this research is to explore the relation of chroma and value to the preferences of university students. In this regard, university students expressed their preferences for 12 different surfaces taking place in the interiors of a dormitory room. Each surface was analyzed separately and the results showed that university students prefer high value in their color selections for dormitory rooms, except for two surfaces. The relationship between chroma and preferences have shown significant correlation except for the cabinet. Chroma and value were found to have a weak negative correlation. In the final part of the study, the role of gender was analyzed, considering the fact that dormitories are designed based on gender. The results indicated that gender and color preferences have a significant relationship regarding specific surfaces, differing among genders. Two surfaces were found to have statistically significant relations to males, namely, the walls, the floor and two surface showed significance for females, that are, the floor and the cabinet. All in all, the results indicate a common propensity for high value and low chroma with chromatic colors as well as a minor role of gender, effective in color preferences studies.Item Open Access Effects of perceived singing effort on classical singers’ reverberation time preferences towards music practice rooms(Elsevier, 2018) Sinal, Özgün; Yılmazer, SemihaThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of perceived singing effort on classical singers’ reverberation time preferences in individual music practice rooms. The method has combined objective measurements (RT) and perceptual responses of participants. The participant group [N = 30] has consisted of five different backgrounds in vocal studies; early music education (EME) students, skilled amateurs, undergraduate singing students, graduate singing students, and professionals. Classical singers has been asked to sing with as high and as low as they could with melisma singing style (in opera singing technique) in three different room settings which had following reverberation times; around 0.6 s, 0.8 s, and 1.0 s. These were the values, which acoustical standards for music schools recommended. The participants have also been asked to sing with three different singing volumes in each room setting. The findings have been analysed statistically. The results showed that classical singers have preferred the room setting with 0.8 s reverberation time considering their overall experience in these room settings. Classical singers’ perceived singing effort had a statistically significant relationship with preferred room setting. Furthermore, it has been found that there is a relationship between preference and background in vocal studies.Item Open Access Free parking for all in shopping malls(Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, 2014) Hasker, K.; Inci, E.We show why a mall provides parking for free and embed the parking costs in the prices of the goods. Essentially, charging a parking fee to risk-averse customers means penalizing them for not finding their desired good. This result holds whether the mall has monopoly power or prices competitively, if there is parking validation, and if there is a trade-off between shopping and parking spaces. It is also the attainable social optimum. The equilibrium lot size is too small, yielding a rationale for minimum parking requirements. However, parking fees may be positive and lots may be too large in urban malls.Item Open Access Immigrants, citizenship and political cction in Europe(Cambridge University Press, 2012) Just, A.; Anderson, C. J.Little is known about how immigrants participate in politics and whether they transform political engagement in contemporary democracies. This study investigates whether citizenship (as opposed to being foreign-born) affects political and civic engagement beyond the voting booth. It is argued that citizenship should be understood as a resource that enhances participation and helps immigrants overcome socialization experiences that are inauspicious for political engagement. The analysis of the European Social Survey data collected in nineteen European democracies in 2002-03 reveals that citizenship has a positive impact on political participation. Moreover, citizenship is a particularly powerful determinant of un-institutionalized political action among individuals who were socialized in less democratic countries. These findings have important implications for debates over the definition of and access to citizenship in contemporary democracies. Copyright © 2011 Cambridge University Press.Item Open Access Preferences in the intention to download a COVID tracing app: A discrete choice experiment study in the Netherlands and Turkey(Frontiers Media S.A., 2022-06-24) Folkvord, Frans; Peschke, Lutz; Gümüş Ağca, Yasemin; van Houten, Karlijn; Stazi, Giacomo; Roca-Umbert, Ana; Güneş Peschke, Seldağ; Seyfafjehi, Seyedehshahrzad; Gallego, Alba; Gaeta, Eugenio; Fico, Giuseppe; Karinsalo, Anni; Lupianez Villanueva, FranciscoIntroduction: High levels of adoption and usage for the COVID Tracing Apps (CTA) among the population is a stipulated prerequisite for success of the implementation of these apps, aiming to mitigate the pandemic and track spreading of the virus more efficient and effectively. In the current study, the main objective was to investigate individuals' preferences in the intention to download a COVID-19 tracing app in a pilot-study in both the Netherlands and Turkey. Methods: We conducted a discrete choice experimental study through an online survey in two countries (the Netherlands [N = 62] and Turkey [N = 83]), with four different attributes: (1) data protection (data protection vs. no information), (2) manufacturer (government vs. company), (3) reward (no reward vs. voucher as a reward) and (4) gaming (no gaming elements vs. gaming elements). Participants were recruited among a student population. Results: The results showed that data protection is one of the most important factors that significantly increases the probability to adopt a CTA. In general, the manufacturer, reward or gaming affected the probability to download the CTA less. Discussions: Health authorities worldwide have generally released high quality CTA, although scientific studies assessing the most important factors that describe and predict the intention to download is limited. Sensitive personal data is collected through these apps, and may potentially threaten privacy, equality and fairness, which are important attributes to take into account when developing or launching a CTA, following the results of this study. Copyright © 2022 Folkvord, Peschke, Gümüş Ağca, van Houten, Stazi, Roca-Umbert, Güneş Peschke, Seyfafjehi, Gallego, Gaeta, Fico, Karinsalo and Lupianez Villanueva.Item Open Access Privacy dimensions: a case study in the interior architecture design studio(Academic Press, 2000-03) Demirbas, O. O.; Demirkan, H.The most commonly used space in architectural education is the studio, which functions both as a learning centre and as a complex social organization. The behavioural elements in the design studio are analysed with respect to the social processes of environmental psychology; namely privacy, personal space, territoriality and crowding. A case study was conducted to evaluate the differences between the desired and actual conditions of a design studio in the Department of Interior Architecture and Environmental Design at Bilkent University. The expectations and preferences of the interior architecture students pertaining to the design studio were analysed by considering the sex differences in patterns of privacy preferences and the results of this study are expected to be used as input for a new design studio. Results showed that there was no difference between preferences of solitude, reserve, anonymity, and isolation among sexes. Although there was a significant difference among sexes where females preferred intimacy with family and males preferred intimacy with friends.Item Open Access Relationship between familiarity, attitudes and preferences: assisted living facilities as compared to nursing homes(Springer Netherlands, 2006-11) Imamoğlu Ç.; Imamoğlu, E. O.In this paper, the authors aim to (a) explore attitudes toward and preferences for living in the newly emerging place type of assisted living facilities in comparison to nursing homes, and (b) assess the possible impact of familiarity on those attitudes and preferences. Ninety-eight respondents (with a mean age of 62) were surveyed. Respondents were found to be more favorable toward assisted living facilities than nursing homes. A three-factor model was proposed in which attitudes mediated between familiarity and preferences. Increased familiarity seemed to predict enhanced favorable attitudes in the case of assisted living facilities, as opposed to unfavorable attitudes in the case of nursing homes. However, positive attitudes seemed to predict preferences for living in either place type. Results are discussed with regards to the literature on the mere exposure effect and long-term care for older adults.