Browsing by Subject "Kuznets curve"
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Item Open Access Environment Kuznets curve for CO2 emissions: a cointegration analysis for China(Elsevier Ltd, 2009) Jalil, A.; Mahmud, S. F.This study examines the long-run relationship between carbon emissions and energy consumption, income and foreign trade in the case of China by employing time series data of 1975-2005. In particular the study aims at testing whether environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) relationship between CO2 emissions and per capita real GDP holds in the long run or not. Auto regressive distributed lag (ARDL) methodology is employed for empirical analysis. A quadratic relationship between income and CO2 emission has been found for the sample period, supporting EKC relationship. The results of Granger causality tests indicate one way causality runs through economic growth to CO2 emissions. The results of this study also indicate that the carbon emissions are mainly determined by income and energy consumption in the long run. Trade has a positive but statistically insignificant impact on CO2 emissions. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Item Open Access A Kuznets curve in environmental efficiency: an application on OECD countries(Springer Netherlands, 2000) Zaim, O.; Taskin, F.The role of the environment is an important issue in policy making and the accurate assessment of the environmental conditions is vital. In this paper, using nonparametric techniques, an environmental efficiency index is developed for each of the OECD countries. These indexes allow one both to do cross section comparisons on the state of each country's production process in its treatment of undesirable outputs and also to trace each country's modification of their production processes overtime. Furthermore in this study we investigate the factors underlying societies' environmental concerns that eventually lead to changes in the environmental efficiency. The results provide further empirical evidence for the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis.The role of the environment is an important issue in policy making and the accurate assessment of the environmental conditions is vital. In this paper, using nonparametric techniques, an environmental efficiency index is developed for each of the OECD countries. These indexes allow one both to do cross section comparisons on the state of each country's production process in its treatment of undesirable outputs and also to trace each country's modification of their production processes overtime. Furthermore in this study we investigate the factors underlying societies' environmental concerns that eventually lead to changes in the environmental efficiency. The results provide further empirical evidence for the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis.An environmental efficiency index for each OECD state is developed, using nonparametric techniques. The indices facilitate cross-section comparisons on the status of each nation's production processes in its treatment of waste and pollutants. Modifications of production processes over time can also be tracked. Factors underlying societal environmental concerns that eventually result in changes in environmental efficiency are also analyzed, and results provide additional empirical evidence for the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis.