Browsing by Subject "Intervention (International law)"
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Item Open Access Doctrine and practice of humanitarian interventions(Bilkent University, 2008) Kocaman, AyşegülHumanitarian intervention lies at the center of contradictory relations between the principle of state sovereignty and the responsibility to protect human rights. Whereas some theorists define humanitarian interventions as violation of the basic principle of international law and relations, that is the non-intervention principle, and other theorists see humanitarian interventions as the legal and legitimate way of protecting the security of all humanity in the world. The purpose of this study is to contend that the international community has the responsibility to intervene to prevent humanitarian crises. The emerging norm of “responsibility to protect” is getting wider acceptance and support among the scholars in the literature; although no consensus on the legitimacy of humanitarian interventions has been achieved so far. This research also attempts to clarify that the legality and legitimacy of humanitarian interventions is limited to the cases of threats to international peace and security and where there is prior authorization by the United Nations Security Council based on the Charter.Item Open Access The effect of identity on the success of international military interventions(Bilkent University, 2013) Kavuk, Ömer FDoes identity affect the success of international military interventions? This thesis examines whether one of the factors determining the success of international military interventions is identity. Knowing identity is such a complex concept, what are the components of identity? Although there are multiple factors at play in the construction of one state‟s identity, the focus is on history, religion and language, for their conceptual clarity and overt influence on the decision-making process of governments and more importantly individuals. Therefore, the thesis will (a) develop a concept of identity regarding interventions and (b) provide a more thorough and reflexive understanding of the role and the importance of identity for the success of international military interventions. In order for such a study to take place, key concepts are explained and elaborated upon, to see whether identity is one of the defining elements of a successful international military intervention or not. If identity is found to have a significant impact, it could be expected to have an important effect on the way policy makers conceptualize and operationalize international interventions.Item Open Access Humanitarian intervention: an inquiry into international law and practice(Bilkent University, 1994) Khabirov, RadyiThe subject of the thesis are the major philosophical and legal, as well as aspects of practical application of the concept of humanitarian intervention. Through historical and legal analysis the study tests a question whether there is a place for humanitarian intervention concept within contemporary international system. Crimes against humanity are nothing new. Despite a juridical presumption that human rights are exclusively within the domestic jurisdiction of a state. It has became understood, since the post-Cold War era, that prevention and prosecution, as well as, definition of human rights, are matters of international concern and international competence. However, the contemporary international law strictly stands against any erosion of the limits of the principles of non use of force and non-intervention and consequently rejects the existence of the considered concept. Moreover, what is lacking is, any measure of how extensive a crime has to be before it passes from domestic to international jurisdiction. Another issue is what kind of procedures and mechanisms for taking action, diplomatic or judicial or military should be undertaken by the international community in order to stop human rights violation. The analysis leads to a conclusion that humanitarian intervention concept has a right for existence , at least, for ad hoc application, but in every case should be put under a strict standards elaborated in theoretical literature and international practice.Item Open Access Religious affiliation and indirect third-party conflict intervention: a hypothesis from the lebanese civil war(Bilkent University, 2014) Shishmanian, Haig PhilipEthnically and religiously-identified groups are frequently involved in conflict. Such conflicts attract forms of third-party intervention which often favor one ethno-religious group over another by means other than direct military intervention on the part of the affiliated third-party government. This study first highlights two themes in two areas of literature: Studies of the role of religion in politics discuss types of religious grouping, understood generally as ‘religious affiliation’, while conflict intervention literature suggests several forms of intervention apart from direct military intervention but lacks a detailed description of a variable encompassing all such forms. This variable is termed ‘indirect intervention’, the definition of which, synthesized from the literature, is this thesis’ first contribution. This thesis also considers that, though contemporary international politics features religiously-affiliated third-parties indirectly aiding ‘brethren’ in conflict, a causal relationship between the two has previously only been postulated and should be explored. By carrying out a hypothesis-generating case study of religious affiliation and indirect intervention in the case of the Western support of the Maronite Arab community’s parties and militias during the Lebanese Civil War, it is iii hypothesized that religious affiliation causes indirect intervention. It is anticipated that the generated hypothesis will be confirmed by future large-N studies of all such cases during a span of time, with a specific emphasis on the dynamics of conflict intervention in the Middle East and North Africa.