Browsing by Subject "Identity"
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Item Open Access Adalet Ağaoğlu`nun Dar zamanlar üçlemesinde "kimlik" sorunsalı(Bilkent University, 2005) Akkıyal, BernaAdalet Ağaoğlu, since she published her first novel Lying Down to Die in 1973, has been one of the leading names of Turkish Literature thanks to her approach to the social developments and the narrative features she has applied (to her novels?). The author principally based all her works of different genres-play, story and novel-upon the social experiences. Besides, she has not limited her works in a classical/convenient frame; she has been an explorer in the effect of employing fictional attributions and narration elements, and reflecting the time. She has preferred selecting characters inside (of) the social frame in all her novels, in which the identity questionings of characters who sort out with the society that call them into being and who tend to a new existential stage are well to the fore. In this thesis, the author’s Dar Zamanlar trilogy consisting of Lying Down to Die, A Wedding Party (1979) and No (1987) has been examined in the light of identity problematic. In the first chapter of the thesis named “Instant Reflecting History – Individual Experiencing (the) Instant”, narrative techniques and fictional attributions that are used in Dar Zamanlar trilogy are studied under different titles for each novel. In this chapter, it is concluded that identity problematic reveals per se while explaining the technical poperties, the author aimed at introducing characters and theme in a particular narrative feature, and the author ascertained the best technique to convey her material in the most suitable manner. The second chapter named “The Multilayer Structure of The Identity, The Multivocal Narrative Interpreting Society” is detached/reserved for the identity problematic. In this chapter, Ağaoğlu’s questioning of the concept of identity and her approach to the social evolution of the period are considered at length under the titles “citizen”, “intellectual”, “revolutionist” and “others”. In this chapter, the relation between the techniques Ağaoğlu made use of and the presentation of the characters are depicted from another aspect while the transformations of the characters pursued throughout three novels are examined. In Dar Zamanlar trilogy, Adalet Ağaoğlu wished/favoured to portray the social and political evolution of the period between 1938 and 1980s in view of the selfquestioning of the characters she chose among the intellectuals. Besides, it is observed that the diverse narrative features of the novels were derived from her quest for the most proper techniques to present her theme.Item Open Access The analysis and design of urban near-home environments according to psycho-social needs and behavior of human beings(Bilkent University, 1996) Serpil, BurçakIn this study, the design of urban near-home environments is examined considering the social and psychological needs of human beings as well as human spatial behavior. After an introduction to the concepts such as environment, near-home environments, human-environment interaction, human basic needs and human spatial behavior; the basic psycho-social needs of human beings are classified as safety, identity, social contact and privacy. These needs are analysed in relation to the design of urban near-home environments. Within this framework, behavioral concepts like territorility, personalisation, crowding are also considered. Furthermore, a research is conducted in Ankara, in two middle-density apartments with near-home environment of different design features. This research explores and compares the influences of these environments--which differ within themselves in terms of design characteristics--on the satisfaction of residents' psycho-social needs. Design suggestions are proposed at the end of the analysis of the findings of the research.Item Open Access Antioch's Last Heirs: The Hatay Greek Orthodox Community between Greece, Syria and Turkey(Cambridge University Press, 2022-10-01) Grigoriadis, Ioannis Ν.This study explores the identity dynamics of the Arabic-speaking Greek Orthodox community of the Hatay province of Turkey. Citizens of Turkey, members of the Greek Orthodox church and Arabic speakers, members of this small but historic community stood at the crossroads of three nationalisms: Greek, Syrian and Turkish. Following the urbanization waves that swept through the Turkish countryside since the 1950s, thousands of Hatay Greek Orthodox moved to Istanbul and were given the chance to integrate with the Greek minority there. The case of the Hatay Greek Orthodox community points to the resilience of millet-based identities, more than a century after the demise of the Ottoman Empire. © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Centre for Byzantine, Ottoman and Modern Greek Studies, University of Birmingham.Item Open Access Between ethnic group and nation: Mihail Çakir's history of the Gagauz(Sage Publications, 2021-08) Grigoriadis, Ioannis N.; Shahin, EvgeniiaFollowing the 1918 annexation of Bessarabia to Romania, the Gagauz minority remained disconnected from centers of knowledge because of linguistic and institu tional barriers. In this context, Mihail Çakir, an Orthodox priest of Gagauz origin, manifested a rare capacity of introducing the Gagauz people to Romanian- and Gagauz-speaking audiences through his multilingual work on the history and the cul ture of the Gagauz. This article embarks from Anthony Smith’s work on ethnicity and nation-building and Benedict Anderson’s work on imagined communities to explore Çakir’s two main works and their contribution to the crystallization of Gagauz ethnic identity and its eventual transformation to a national one.Item Restricted Bulgaristan göçmenlerinin yemek kültürünün incelenmesi(Bilkent University, 2023) Erşahince, Umut Utku; Erşahince, Zeynep Elvan; Kosdak, Mehmet Fatih; Çelik, Aytekin; Baraklı, Burak SafaBu makale, Bulgar göçmenlerinin Türkiye'ye olan geçişinin yemek kültürlerine olan etkisini üç bölümde incelemiştir. İlk bölümde, göçlerin tarihsel ve sosyal bağlamı üzerinde durularak, Bulgaristan'dan Türkiye'ye gerçekleşen göçlerin dört farklı dalgasının nasıl şekillendiği detaylı bir inceleme sunulmuştur. İkinci kısımda, göçmenlerin yaşadıklarının kültürel değerler ve kimlikleri üzerindeki etkileri, özellikle yemek kültürü bağlamında ele alınmıştır. Üçüncü kısımda ise göçmenlerin Türkiye'deki yaşam alanlarına uyum sürecinde yemek kültüründeki evrim ve bu evrimin Türkiye'nin genel yemek kültürü üzerindeki etkileri detaylı bir şekilde incelenmiştir.Item Open Access Constitution of Turkish self : a post-structuralist foreign policy analysis of JDP's foreign policy discourse on distant natural disasters(Bilkent University, 2012) Ceydilek, ErdemIdentity is mostly portrayed as given in foreign policy analysis. However, the power of foreign policy discourse on identity constitution has been raised by poststructuralism for the last 30 years. As the overall objective, this study aims at showing the performative link between foreign policy and identity. Specifically, this study also aims at understanding the performative link between foreign policy discourse of Justice and Development Party (JDP) policy-makers and Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA) officials on distant natural disasters and the constitution of the Turkish self, through utilizing a critical discourse analysis methodology. There are three main findings of this study, namely (i) the foreign policy discourse of JDP on the distant natural disasters has constituted the Indonesia and Pakistan disasters as important events, (ii) this discourse has constituted the Turkish self as a homogenous community, (iii) this homogenous Turkish self is linked with several signifiers and differentiated from negated external others.Item Open Access Consumption of modern furniture as a strategy of distinction in Turkey(Oxford University Press, 2009-03) Gürel, M. Ö.This study scrutinizes consumption of modern design as a strategy of distinction in Turkey. Conceptualizing taste as an acquired and dynamic medium through which inhabitants build and sustain social relationships, the article examines domestic furnishings as tools for constructing a Western socio-cultural difference from the late nineteenth century through to the 1950s and 1960s. Furthermore, it looks at the structures acting on furniture design and consumer choices. The study explicates the view that architects and decorators promoted a taste reform towards different versions of European Modernism throughout the 1930s and in the mid-twentieth century. The modern emerged as a distinctive element, not just between different classes but also within upper-class consumers themselves. The luxurious hotel projects, particularly the pivotal Istanbul Hilton Hotel, were instrumental in spreading the codes of furniture and for shaping contemporary practices, when the infl ux of US culture had an all-pervading impact, in the post Second World War context. A shift in the dominant taste towards modern designs, the use of synthetic materials, such as Formica, and the advent of new design elements, such as the American bar, revealed a concern for taking part in a new modern identity that reflected cultural competence in the way the West was (re)interpreted.Item Open Access Culture and the distinctiveness motive: constructing identity in individualistic and collectivistic contexts(American Psychological Association, 2012) Becker, M.; Vignoles, V. L.; Owe, E.; Brown, R.; Smith, P. B.; Easterbrook, M.; Herman, G.; De Sauvage, I.; Bourguignon, D.; Torres, A.; Camino, L.; Lemos, F. C. S.; Ferreira, M. S.; Koller, S. H.; Gonzãlez, R.; Carrasco, D.; Cadena, M. P.; Lay, S.; Wang, Q.; Bond, M. H.; Trujillo, E.; Balanta, P.; Valk, A.; Mekonnen, K. H.; Nizharadze, G.; Fülöp, M.; Regalia, C.; Manzi, C.; Brambilla, M.; Harb, C.; Aldhafri, S.; Martin, M.; Macapagal, M. E. J.; Chybicka, A.; Gavreliuc, A.; Buitendach, J.; Gallo, I.; Özgen E.; Güner, Ü. E.; Yamakoğlu, N.The motive to attain a distinctive identity is sometimes thought to be stronger in, or even specific to, those socialized into individualistic cultures. Using data from 4,751 participants in 21 cultural groups (18 nations and 3 regions), we tested this prediction against our alternative view that culture would moderate the ways in which people achieve feelings of distinctiveness, rather than influence the strength of their motivation to do so. We measured the distinctiveness motive using an indirect technique to avoid cultural response biases. Analyses showed that the distinctiveness motive was not weaker-and, if anything, was stronger-in more collectivistic nations. However, individualism-collectivism was found to moderate the ways in which feelings of distinctiveness were constructed: Distinctiveness was associated more closely with difference and separateness in more individualistic cultures and was associated more closely with social position in more collectivistic cultures. Multilevel analysis confirmed that it is the prevailing beliefs and values in an individual's context, rather than the individual's own beliefs and values, that account for these differences.Item Open Access Dismantling the self : exploring the infinite becomings in Orlan's body of work(Bilkent University, 2010) Baykan, BurcuThis study is an attempt to elaborate the significance of multimedia and performance artist Orlan’s body and identity altering practices along the lines of Deleuzian theory, and to explore the points of overlap and resonances between their projects. It focuses on a range of conceptual resources, primarily Deleuze's formulations together with Guattari on ‘becoming’ to explore the artist’s fluid states of being that are always in the process of transition and her body’s constantly changing nature as a transformative experience. It also includes their theories of ‘rhizome’, ‘machinic assemblages’ and ‘body without organs’ to provide insights into her work as a form of expanded art practice that enables proliferating connections and collective arrangements, as well as to characterize it as a non-dualistic process that is no longer contingent on binary divisions.Item Open Access Does conflict content affect learning from simulations? A cross-national inquiry into the Israeli-Palestinian and Guatemalan conflict scenarios(Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc., 2015) Cuhadar, C. E.; Kampf, R.It is important to find out whether the content of a simulation has any effect on learning, whether students learn better when the simulation is about a conflict they directly experience as opposed to a conflict they have hardly heard about, and whether learning about a specific conflict changes from one identity group to another. In this article, we address these questions in a five-group experimental study, with direct parties to the conflict (Israeli-Jewish, Palestinian, and Guatemalan), third/secondary parties to the conflict (Turkish, American, and Brazilian), and distant parties to the conflict. Our results indicate that learning varies not only from one group to the other, but also with the salience of the conflict. While the simulations increase the level of knowledge about that particular conflict in almost all situations, when attitude change is concerned, the effects diversify from one group to the other. © 2015 International Association for Conflict Management and Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Item Open Access The effect of identity on the success of international military interventions(Bilkent University, 2013) Kavuk, Ömer FDoes identity affect the success of international military interventions? This thesis examines whether one of the factors determining the success of international military interventions is identity. Knowing identity is such a complex concept, what are the components of identity? Although there are multiple factors at play in the construction of one state‟s identity, the focus is on history, religion and language, for their conceptual clarity and overt influence on the decision-making process of governments and more importantly individuals. Therefore, the thesis will (a) develop a concept of identity regarding interventions and (b) provide a more thorough and reflexive understanding of the role and the importance of identity for the success of international military interventions. In order for such a study to take place, key concepts are explained and elaborated upon, to see whether identity is one of the defining elements of a successful international military intervention or not. If identity is found to have a significant impact, it could be expected to have an important effect on the way policy makers conceptualize and operationalize international interventions.Item Open Access EFL teachers’ identity (re)construction as teachers of intercultural competence: a language socialization approach(Routledge, 2015) Ortaçtepe, D.Adapting Norton’s (2000) notion of investment as an analytical lens along with thematic analysis, this longitudinal/narrative inquiry explores how 2 EFL teachers’ language socialization in the United States resulted in an identity (re)construction as teachers of intercultural competence. Baris and Serkan’s language socialization in the United States was marked with 3 identity investments: as an experienced EFL teacher, as an L2 user, and as a burgeoning scholar. The findings highlighted that teacher identities are not unitary, fixed, or stable but dynamic, situated, multiple (e.g., Norton Peirce, 1995; Varghese, Morgan, Johnston, & Johnson, 2005), and even sometimes blurred (e.g., Ochs, 1993).Item Open Access Evaluation of identity, meaning - making, and visitor satisfaction in industrial heritage areas renovated as museums: The case of Müze Gazhane(Bilkent University, 2023-06) Aksel, İpekThe restoration of cultural heritage areas in İstanbul's city center has gained increasing importance and popularity in recent times. This study focuses on the evaluation of identity, meaning-making, and visitors' satisfaction in the context of repurposed museums from heritage buildings. Specifically, the case study is conducted in Müze Gazhane, a unique industrial heritage site that has been transformed into a cultural complex and museum in 2021. The study examines the influence of museums’ identity and visitors' identity on the meaning they derive from their visit, and their satisfaction levels with a two-tiered approach involving quantitative and qualitative data collection methods. A survey was conducted with 65 visitors, followed by semi-structured interviews with 12 participants. The study reveals that visitors' characteristics, motivations, and familiarity play a role in determining their meaning-making and satisfaction levels. Visitors with specific identity-related needs and motivations have higher levels of satisfaction and meaning-making. Furthermore, visitors who volunteer at the museum experience an increased sense of place and belonging to their neighborhood. The renovation of Müze Gazhane has also resulted in positive changes in visitors' daily lives and increased their overall quality of life. In conclusion, Müze Gazhane serves as an important place in the daily lives of visitors, attracting diverse motivations and contributing to their sense of belonging. The findings emphasize the need for utilizing and transforming heritage areas into museums to strengthen the relationship of citizens with their neighborhood and society.Item Open Access Examining the relationship between Latinos’ English proficiency, educational degree, language preferences, and their perceptions on the Americans(Selcuk University, 2020) Peker, HilalUsing data from the 2018 National Survey of Latinos that was conducted by The Pew Hispanic Center/Kaiser Family Foundation, the researcher in the present study reports on the perceptions of Latinos on English and their educational degrees as well as their language preferences. This non-experimental quantitative study is considered one of the first ones focusing on Latinos’ language preferences conducted all over the United States. A highly randomly stratified 2,288 Latino adults (1,041 males and 1,091 females) who are 18 years old or older identified themselves as Latinos in this study. These participants were from 48 states in total. The results indicated that there was a positive relationship between the last degree attended and participants’ English proficiency; however, there was no association between participants’ preference of English over Spanish and their perceptions on the friendliness/closeness of American individuals. The implications and future direction are recommended at the end of the study based on these results.Item Open Access An exploration of Turkish identity and comparison with the image of Turkey(Bilkent University, 1996) Bozdag, İpekImage of a product plays an important role in purchase decision. This image concept consists of the design, the performance and other attributes of the product as well as its brand name, name of its producer and its country's image. If a nation has a particular self-construction, it will interact with others according to this construction. Therefore, if the nation reflects its constructed self while interacting with others, image of that country according to foreigners will be affected by the national identity. In this study, the identity of Turks, based on the thoughts of Turkish businesspeople and students is explored. The explored identity is compared with the Westerns' percieved image of Turkey. Depending on·· the analysis and comparisons, it is found out that, the foreigner's image of Turkey really reflects their identity and it seems that Turkey's national identity has an effect on the foreigner's image of Turkey. As a result, by considering both the image and identity of Turkey, some recommendations are made to improve the negative image .of Turkey and to occupy a distinct and valued place in the target consumer's mind.Item Open Access The Greek Muslim migration : rethinking the role of security and nationalism within the 1923 compulsory exchange of populations between Greece and Turkey(Bilkent University, 2004) Kalayoğlu, SinanIn my Masters Thesis, I examine the 1923 Compulsory Population Exchange between Greece and Turkey (CEOPBGT). Endorsed at a convention in Lausanne, Switzerland, the forced transfer of over one million Anatolian Greek Christians from Turkey to Greece, and of roughly 400,000 Greek Muslims from Greece to Turkey, occurred during a period when Turkey and Greece were actively pursuing nation-building projects. In my theory, I inform about the downside of state-centric security rhetoric and ethnonationalism associated with population expulsion. In my case study, I specifically address the Lausanne Convention’s role in "nationalizing" identity and defining who belongs and who does not in nationally particularistic ways. My investigation seeks to illustrate that the national territorial narrative produced by the CEOPBGT was in discord with how transferees comprehended their own sense of community and place in the world. To this end, I provide evidence such as stories of the Greek Muslim migration to show how displacement distorts, challenges and negotiates a migrant’s sense of identity and security. Ultimately, I hope that my thesis may add a unique perspective to the current literature seeking to understand sources of the politicized conflict between Greece and Turkey, as well as offering general insight into the International Relations discipline regarding the phenomenon of forced population transfer.Item Open Access Hesperus is phosphorus, indeed(Springer Netherlands, 2009) Aranyosi, I.Tobias Hansson Wahlberg argues in a recent article that the truth of ‘‘Hesperus is Phosphorus’’ depends on the assumption that the endurance theory of persistence is true. I argue that the premise Wahlberg’s conclusion is based upon leads to absurd consequences, therefore, nothing recommends it. As a consequence, ‘‘Hesperus is Phosphorus’’ has to be true, if it is true, regardless of which theory of persistence one is committed to.Item Open Access How the powerful maintained their power: land, violence and identity in fin de siècle Palu(Routledge, 2023-05-16) Kalkan, İbrahim Halil; Miller, Owen RobertThis article is set in the environs of the Eastern Anatolian town of Palu at the turn of the twentieth century. At the heart of this investigation is a puzzle: how did the local elite manage to maintain their power in the face of first Tanzimat (1839–1876) and then Hamidian centralization (1876–1908)? Based on the study of a range of primary sources, it appears that the local elites were able to ‘use’ the Armenian Question, and the fears of the central authorities, to their advantage. The elites increasingly presented themselves as ‘loyal Muslims’ in the face of supposedly ‘seditious Armenians’ to maintain control of the land. In addition to British Foreign Office documents, our article relies primarily on a voluminous legal file compiled from the catalogues of the Ottoman Archives, Istanbul composed by different segments of the region’s population.Item Open Access Identities in flux: a cartography of feminist artistic practice in the Middle East(Bilkent University, 2023-06) Kayır, Oğuz KaanThis thesis explores the fluid and relational forms of body and subjectivity in the feminist contemporary art practice of selected Middle Eastern women artists – Sama Alshaibi, Nezaket Ekici, Mona Hatoum, Amal Kenawy, Shirin Neshat, and Lamia Joreige. As interdisciplinary practitioners whose works traverse between different media such as film, video, performance, and installation, these women’s artistic praxes render a mobile, changeable, and interconnected account of identity via a complex and dynamic interplay between the dualisms of self/other, mind/body, nature/culture, East/West, and human/nonhuman. Since these artists engage in non-fixed and non-dualistic forms of female existence, this thesis employs Deleuze and Guattari’s ontology of becoming and the Deleuzian-inflected new materialist feminisms of Rosi Braidotti, Elizabeth Grosz, and Stacy Alaimo as its theoretical scope. Interweaving the process-oriented, durational, and relational vocabulary of the notion of becoming with Braidotti’s nomadism, Grosz’s corporeality, and Alaimo’s transcorporeality, this study discusses the ways in which these Middle Eastern women artists envisage female subjectivity as an open-ended, plural, and transitory composition that is always on the move, through its relational bonds and linkages with divergent bodies, entities, and geographies. Influenced by the cartographic potential of the theories in question, this thesis concludes by presenting a cartographic imagination of the selected artistic canon as a supplementary method for understanding the malleability and rhizomatic interconnectivity of feminist contemporary art in the Middle East.Item Open Access The identity of ‘the other’ for sexual violence victims: is there anything new in sexual violence prosecutions before the International Criminal Court?(Routledge, 2017) Turan, G.Despite the spectacular development in the field of international criminal law, critical feminism stresses the narrow scope of the sex and gender crimes in the Rome Statute establishing the first permanent International Criminal Court. The current international criminal law discourse, as expressed by recent case law, is geared towards the protection of certain groups targeted on account of their distinctiveness within the framework of a conflict situation, and gender is not recognized as one of these group identities. The question whether international criminal law on sexual violence applies only to inter-group conflicts brings to the fore an uneasy likelihood of exclusion of some recently emergent situations where identities of the conflicting parties transcend a particular ethnicity or nationality, and where victims of sexual violence belong to the same group as their perpetrators. The article argues that, rather than the Rome Statute or newly introduced rules and regulations, a significant obstacle in developing gender justice is the narrow interpretation of sexual violence to inter-group hostilities. © 2016 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.