Browsing by Subject "Cosmology"
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Item Open Access An architectural and conceptual analysis of Mesopotamian temples from the Ubaid to the old Babylonian period(Bilkent University, 2007) Soudipour, Amir H.This study attempts to explore the architecture of Mesopotamian temples from the Ubaid to the Old Babylonian period. It analyses the ways in which the layout of the temples changed and developed through time. It argues how different factors such as ideology, cosmology, religion and environment were reflected in the architecture and function of temple complexes. The thesis also looks closely at the concept of the temple as the house of god, and by comparing the selected temples of different periods to the domestic architecture of the same period, aims to trace the influence and reflection of the domestic structure on the sacred structure and to determine in which period the structural similarity reaches its zenith and declines. Changes in Mesopotamia’s social organization can be linked to these changes in temple layoutItem Restricted Gülseli İnal : Dile tutsak kılınmış bir şair(1998) Turgut, EnginItem Open Access Hittite geographers: geographical perceptions and practices in hittite anatolia(De Gruyter, 2018-05-04) Gerçek, Nebahat IlgiHittite archives are remarkably rich in geographical data. A diverse array of documents has yielded, aside from thousands of geographical names (of towns, territories, mountains, and rivers), detailed descriptions of the Hittite state’s frontiers and depictions of landscape and topography. Historical geography has, as a result, occupied a central place in Hittitological research since the beginnings of the field. The primary aim of scholarship in this area has been to locate (precisely) or localize (approximately) regions, towns, and other geographical features, matching Hittite geographical names with archaeological sites, unexcavated mounds, and—whenever possible—with geographical names from the classical period. At the same time, comparatively little work has been done on geographical thinking in Hittite Anatolia: how and for what purpose(s) was geographical information collected, organized, and presented? How did those who produce the texts imagine their world and their homeland, “the Land of Hatti?” How did they characterize other lands and peoples they came into contact with? Concentrating on these questions, the present paper aims to extract from Hittite written sources their writers’ geographical conceptions and practices. It is argued that the acquisition and management of geographical information was an essential component of the Hittite Empire’s administrative infrastructure and that geographical knowledge was central to the creation of a Hittite homeland.Item Open Access New classes of spherically symmetric, inhomogeneous cosmological models(American Physical Society, 2019) Gürses, Metin; Heydarzade, YaghoubWe present two classes of inhomogeneous, spherically symmetric solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell-perfect fluid field equations with cosmological constant generalizing the Vaidya-Shah solution. Some special limits of our solution reduce to the known inhomogeneous charged perfect fluid solutions of the Einstein field equations and under some other limits we obtain new charged and uncharged solutions with cosmological constant. Uncharged solutions in particular represent cosmological models where the Universe may undergo a topology change and in between is a mixture of two different Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universes with different spatial curvatures. We show that there exist some spacelike surfaces where the Ricci scalar and pressure of the fluid diverge but the mass density of the fluid distribution remains finite. Such spacelike surfaces are known as (sudden) cosmological singularities. We study the behavior of our new solutions in their general form as the radial distance goes to zero and infinity. Finally, we briefly address the null geodesics and apparent horizons associated with the obtained solutions.Item Open Access Non-Einsteinian black holes in generic 3D gravity theories(American Physical Society, 2019) Gürses, Metin; Şişman, T. Ç.; Tekin, B.The Bañados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) black hole metric solves the three-dimensional Einstein’s theory with a negative cosmological constant as well as all the generic higher derivative gravity theories based on the metric; as such it is a universal solution. Here, we find, in all generic higher derivative gravity theories, new universal non-Einsteinian solutions obtained as Kerr-Schild type deformations of the BTZ black hole. Among these, the deformed nonextremal BTZ black hole loses its event horizon while the deformed extremal one remains intact as a black hole in any generic gravity theory.Item Open Access Paradigm regained : the Hutchinsonian reconstruction of Trinitarian Protestant Christianity (1724-1806)(Bilkent University, 2003) Gürses, DeryaRecently, there has been a considerable attempt by historians of eighteenth-century intellectual history to present the religious and conservative side of the Enlightenment thought. Hutchinsonianism, as an eighteenth-century orthodox movement, provides an example of the argument that the Enlightenment was a battlefield of fideistic and rationalistic forces. This dissertation aims to explain how and why a movement such as Hutchinsonianism came into being, changed and eventually died. Hutchinsonians crusaded their way into the eighteenthcentury intellectual arena with their relentless war against heterodoxy. The Hutchinsonian system had many branches and all of them had their foundations in the idea of the Christian Trinity: for example, a trinitarian cosmology designed as an alternative to Newtonian cosmology and natural religion, a certain Hebrew linguistic method to highlight the trinitarian promise in the Old Testament. The attempt made by the Hutchinsonians can be seen as one to redefine orthodox Protestant identity, by making use of a re-assessment of Enlightenment epistemology, an almost cabbalistic method of dealing with the Old Testament text, and the reinstatement of the authority of the Book in a proper Protestant fashion. A survey of Hutchinsonianism over the eighteenth century provides answers to questions about the demise of the movement as well as its genesis. An examination of the different generation of followers exhibits the reasons for change in the movement over time. Hutchinsonians later in the century were more and more willing to dispense with or play down parts of the system for various reasons. It will be argued here that, firstly, they lost the battles they were engaged in some fronts like Hebrew studies; secondly, some of their reactionary attitudes became redundant, such as anti-Newtonianism, and thirdly, there developed a reluctance to embrace Hutchinson and his whole system, in order to be able to concentrate more on being relevant to the general cause of orthodoxy. The question of the movement’s demise is presented in association with the increasing conservatism of the late eighteenth century, in response to the revolutionary ideas fed by abroad: France and America. It will be argued that the willingness to try to ameliorate the public profile of Hutchinson’s system led itself to the movement’s submergence within a wider orthodoxy.Item Restricted Ruhumuzu kaybetmişsek sanat yapamayız(1996) Turgut, EnginItem Restricted Süpernova'ya doğru yolculuk(1995) İnal, Gülseli