Allen, J. W. P.Bickhard, M. H.2018-04-122018-04-1220130018-716Xhttp://hdl.handle.net/11693/38269Fields focuses on implementation not origins, but the origins of nativism are located in issues about the origins of representations. His narrower focus is on organization of empirical atoms - nativism argues that object representations must be innate. In contrast, Fields argues that persistence is a computational phenomenon and that programs can construct "object files," thus, nativism about object representations is not necessary. All such positions, however, assume basic empiricist atoms. Action-based approaches provide a powerful alternative to the foundationalist assumption common to both nativist and empiricist frameworks. Only an actionbased framework is able to account for the emergence of representation from a base that is not itself already representational. Accordingly, an action-based approach to representation in general and object representation in particular has implications for understanding persistence. In convergence with Piagetian theory, the interactivist model outlined above suggests that object persistence is itself a developmental phenomenon that involves increasing representational complexity over the first 2 years of an infant's life.ActionDevelopmental frameworksNativismRepresentationArticle10.1159/000351140